The Diabetic Lung: Insights into Pulmonary Changes in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes

Mameli, Chiara; Ghezzi, Michele; Mari, Alessandra; Cammi, Giulia Maria Luisa; Macedoni, Maddalena; Redaelli, Francesca; Calcaterra, Valeria; Zuccotti, Gian Vincenzo; D’Auria, Enza

doi:10.3390/metabo11020069

Cited by 38 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 78 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Influenza affects the metabolism of human neutrophil calcium, which might be an explanation for this strong association with hospitalization. Additionally, there is mounting evidence showing that the lung is a target organ for diabetic injury from the beginning of the disease in patients of pediatric age [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Comorbidities Affect Hospitalization from Influenza in the Pediatric Population

Mylonakis

Mylona

Kalligeros

et al. 2022

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Influenza is a contagious respiratory illness and can lead to hospitalization and even death. Understanding how comorbidities affect the severity of influenza can help clinical management. The aim of this study is to offer more information about comorbidities that might be associated with the severity of influenza in children. We used a statewide network in Rhode Island, USA, to extract data for laboratory-confirmed influenza cases among children 19 years old or younger. We identified 1169 lab-confirmed influenza cases. The most common comorbidities were asthma (17.1%), neurodevelopmental disorders (10.3%), gastrointestinal disorders (7.6%), atopic dermatitis (7%), and endocrine and metabolic diseases (6.8%). Interestingly, 80.8% (63 out of 78) of children who had an influenza-related hospital admission had at least one comorbidity, and among hospitalized children with influenza, the most common comorbidities were neurological diseases (28.2%, 22/78), gastrointestinal disorders (25.6%, 20/78), endocrine and metabolic diseases (24.4%, 19/78), and neurodevelopmental disorders (23.1%, 18/78). Children with endocrine or metabolic diseases were 8.23 times more likely to be admitted to the hospital, and children with neurological disorders were 6.35 times more likely to be admitted (OR: 8.23, 95% CI: 4.42–15.32 and OR: 6.35, 95% CI: 3.60–11.24, respectively). In summary, we identified specific comorbidities associated with influenza hospitalization and length of hospital stay, and these groups should be prioritized for public health interventions.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Comorbidities Affect Hospitalization from Influenza in the Pediatric Population

Mylonakis

Mylona

Kalligeros

et al. 2022

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…2013 ; Mameli et al. 2021 ), the mechanism of diabetes-induced lung disorders has been poorly studied. Extensive experimental studies on the molecular mechanisms of diabetic lung are required to better understand the pulmonary risks in patients with DM and to improve medical management and the prevention of pulmonary complications in these patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ginsenoside Rb1 reduces oxidative/carbonyl stress damage and ameliorates inflammation in the lung of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Tian

Wang

et al. 2022

Pharmaceutical Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Context Ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1) is a biologically active component of ginseng [ Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer (Araliaceae)]. Objective This study determined the underlying mechanisms of Rb1 treatment that acted on diabetes-injured lungs in diabetic rats. Materials and methods Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat model was used. Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into four groups ( n = 10): control, Rb1 (20 mg/kg), insulin (15 U/kg to attain the euglycaemic state) and diabetic (untreated). After treatment for six weeks, oxidative stress assay; histological and ultrastructure analyses; TNF-α, TGF-β, IL-1 and IL-6 protein expression analyses; and the detection of apoptosis were performed. Results There was decreased activity of SOD (3.53-fold), CAT (2.55-fold) and GSH (1.63-fold) and increased levels of NO (4.47-fold) and MDA (3.86-fold) in the diabetic group from control. Rb1 treatment increased SOD (2.4-fold), CAT (1.9-fold) and GSH (1.29-fold) and decreased the levels of NO (1.76-fold) and MDA (1.51-fold) as compared with diabetic rats. The expression of IL-6 (5.13-fold), IL-1α (2.35-fold), TNF-α (2.35-fold) and TGF-β (2.39-fold) was increased in diabetic rats from control. IL-6 (2.43-fold), IL-1α (2.27-fold), TNF-α (1.68-fold) and TGF-β (2.3-fold) were decreased in the Rb1 treatment group. Diabetes increased the apoptosis rate (2.23-fold vs. control), and Rb1 treatment decreased the apoptosis rate (1.73-fold vs. the diabetic rats). Rb1 and insulin ameliorated lung tissue injury. Discussion and conclusions These findings indicate that Rb1 could be useful for mitigating oxidative damage and inflammatory infiltration in the diabetic lung.

show abstract

“…Environmental factors are also important in the development of atopic diseases and T1DM [ 6 ]. The “Hygiene Hypothesis” is a theory suggesting that reduced or delayed exposure to infections at early ages may increase the risk of the onset of autoimmune disorders (atopic diseases or T1DM) [ 20 ].…”

Section: Divergent Theories Underlying Asthma and Type 1 Diabetes Topicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Concurrent to the increasing of the incidence of atopic diseases, there was also a substantial rise of autoimmune disorders [ 6 ]. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a multifactorial chronic disease caused by a cell-mediated immune destruction of pancreatic β cells resulting from a complex interaction between genes and environmental factors [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coaggregation of Asthma and Type 1 Diabetes in Children: A Narrative Review

Sgrazzutti

Sansone

Attanasi

et al. 2021

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Asthma and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are two of the most frequent chronic diseases in children, representing a model of the atopic and autoimmune diseases respectively. These two groups of disorders are mediated by different immunological pathways, T helper (Th)1 for diabetes and Th2 for asthma. For many years, these two groups were thought to be mutually exclusive according to the Th1/Th2 paradigm. In children, the incidence of both diseases is steadily increasing worldwide. In this narrative review, we report the evidence of the potential link between asthma and T1DM in childhood. We discuss which molecular mechanisms could be involved in the link between asthma and T1DM, such as genetic predisposition, cytokine patterns, and environmental influences. Cytokine profile of children with asthma and T1DM shows an activation of both Th1 and Th2 pathways, suggesting a complex genetic-epigenetic interaction. In conclusion, in children, the potential link between asthma and T1DM needs further investigation to improve the diagnostic and therapeutic approach to these patients. The aim of this review is to invite the pediatricians to consider the potential copresence of these two disorders in clinical practice.

show abstract

The Diabetic Lung: Insights into Pulmonary Changes in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes

Cited by 38 publications

References 78 publications

How Comorbidities Affect Hospitalization from Influenza in the Pediatric Population

How Comorbidities Affect Hospitalization from Influenza in the Pediatric Population

Ginsenoside Rb1 reduces oxidative/carbonyl stress damage and ameliorates inflammation in the lung of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Coaggregation of Asthma and Type 1 Diabetes in Children: A Narrative Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About