The Diagnosis of Complicated Grief as a Mental Disorder: A Critical Appraisal

Prolonged grief disorder for ICD-11: the primacy of clinical utility and international applicability

“…Previous reviews have thoroughly documented the history of PGD (Jordan & Litz, 2014; Maercker & Lalor, 2012; Wagner & Maercker, 2010), and therefore we provide a brief overview relevant to the current ICD-11 PGD criteria. In 1993, Horowitz and colleagues developed the first diagnostic criteria for a bereavement-related disorder, termed ‘pathological’ then ‘complicated’ grief (CG) (Horowitz, Bonanno, & Holen, 1993; Horowitz et al, 1997).…”

“…Horowitz and colleagues originally conceptualized disordered grief in line with stress-response syndromes; as a reaction to a stressful life event. This ignited research in the field and since this initial introduction and conceptualization, several research groups have used different terminology (pathological, complicated, traumatic, prolonged, chronic or morbid grief), theoretical conceptualizations, assessment measures and diagnostic criteria for a disorder of grief (Wagner & Maercker, 2010). With regard to terminology, in addition to CG, ‘traumatic grief’ was frequently used by Prigerson and colleagues (e.g.…”

“…Prigerson et al, 1999) as their research uncovered the importance of including core symptoms of separation distress and traumatic distress along with the associated negative emotions. The term PGD was later adopted over ‘complicated’ or ‘traumatic grief’ (along with new diagnostic criteria discussed below) as it was thought to be easier to define and explain, to provide key insight into one important feature of the disorder (the duration of symptoms) and to avoid confusion with PTSD (Wagner & Maercker, 2010). …”

The Aftermath of Loss: As a Controversial Concept “Complicated Grief”

“…ölen kişiyi arama, aşırı özleme, zihnin sürekli ölen kişiyle meşgul olması) (Lichtenthal ve ark., 2004) ve tedaviye yanıt açısından farklılaştığı (Shear ve ark., 2005) ortaya konan karmaşık yas sürecini ayrı bir tanı kategorisi olarak incelemek ise kaçınılmaz olarak avantaj ve dezavantajları beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu avantaj ve dezavantajları tartışan araştırmacılar farklı görüşler ortaya koymaktadır (Wagner ve Maercker, 2010) Ancak ortak vurgu bu olgunun göz ardı edilmesinin birçok fiziksel ve psikolojik probleme yol açabileceğidir. Dolayısıyla karmaşık yasın tanınması ve kavramsallaştırılması oldukça değerlidir.…”

Relacionamentos entre pais e profissionais da saúde no final de vida da criança com câncer hospitalizada: encontros que sobrevivem ao tempo

“…Em uma definição geral, a condição de luto complicado foi caracterizada pela existência de reações intensas de pesar, que duram mais do que o esperado e provocam prejuízos na vida cotidiana e no estado físico e psicopatológico do enlutado (Shear, 2015;Horowitz et al, 2003). É uma condição variável para cada caso, de acordo com as circunstâncias da morte, a relação com o falecido, o acesso a suporte social e o estado de saúde mental do enlutado (Wagner, Maercher, 2010).…”