The diagnostic competence of glial fibrillary acidic protein in mild traumatic brain injury and its prognostic value in patient recovery

Forouzan, Arash; Barzegari, Hasan; Hosseini, Omid; Delirrooyfard, Ali

doi:10.5137/1019-5149.jtn.31021-20.2

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Two study [29], [34] found that the mean serum GFAP on CT+ was higher than on CT-and there was a significant increase in serum GFAP levels on CT+ compared to CT-. There is also an agreement between the conclusions in these two studies.…”

Section: Finding In Glial Fibrillary Acid Protein Studymentioning

confidence: 98%

“…No randomized control studies were identified. A pediatric sample was used in four studies [21], [22], [23], [24], and a sample older than 16 years was used in ten studies [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34]. A skier was utilized as a test subject in one research.…”

Section: Study Selection and Characteristicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A skier was utilized as a test subject in one research. S100B was studied in the majority of studies, with total of 13 of the 14 studies [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], whereas the GFAP biomarker was discussed in 3 studies [26], [29], [34]. Two studies studied both S100B and GFAP biomarker.…”

Section: Study Selection and Characteristicmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Potential of S100 Calcium-Binding Protein B and Glial Fibrillary Acid Protein in Predicting the Intracranial Lesions in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review of Literature

Siahaan

Fernando

2022

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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ABSTRACT AIM: To summarize the current evidence of S100B and GFAP in predicting intracranial lesions after mTBI. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We searched publications on biomarkers in mTBI from Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus between January 1990 and July 2021. We included RCTs, cohort, case control, and cross-sectional studies that involved patients with acute closed mTBI in all age group in which head CT scan and blood-based biomarkers (GFAP and S100B) examination were conducted under 24 hours. This study was registered in Open Science Framework. RESULTS: The initial search identified 4.937 article, in which 127 were included for full-text assessment. A total of 16 articles were finally included. No RCT was found in literature searching. Thirteen studies were studying S100B and three studies were studying GFAP. Nine out of 13 S100B studies shows a promising result with ≥ 95% sensitivity for detecting intracranial lesions. Majorities (11 /13) studies of S100B confirmed that S100B reduced the unnecessary usage of CT scan. GFAP concentration significantly increased in CT+ patient than CT- patient. No specific GFAP cut off value between the studies was found. CONCLUSION: The result showed that S100B and GFAP had potential to predict the occurrence of intracranial lesions. Variance between methodologies and cut off value hindered the quality of evidence, especially in GFAP. KEYWORDS: mild traumatic brain injury, S100B, GFAP.

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Section: Finding In Glial Fibrillary Acid Protein Studymentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Study Selection and Characteristicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Selection and Characteristicmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Potential of S100 Calcium-Binding Protein B and Glial Fibrillary Acid Protein in Predicting the Intracranial Lesions in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review of Literature

Siahaan

Fernando

2022

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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“…GFAP is a protein that is upregulated during astrogliosis in response to central nervous system (CNS) injury [ 19 , 27 ]. Some studies have suggested that it can help predict the need for neuroimaging and neurosurgical intervention following TBI [ 19 , 37 , 39 , 45 ]. Notably, the clinical utility of using both GFAP and UCH-L1 together appears to be promising for the purposes of documenting mTBI and predicting the necessity of neuroimaging after mTBI exposure [ 19 , 27 , 39 , 46 ].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood-Based Biomarkers in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Narrative Review With Implications for the Legal System

McBride,

Eltman,

Swanson

2023

Cureus

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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an increasingly recognized diagnosis with significant, and often costly, associated consequences. Yet, despite their increased recognition, TBIs remain underdiagnosed. This issue is especially prominent in the context of mild TBI (mTBI), where there often exists little to no objective evidence of brain injury. In recent years, considerable effort has been made to better define and interpret known objective markers of TBI, as well as identify and explore new ones. An area of particular interest has focused on research related to blood-based biomarkers of TBI. Advancements in our understanding of TBI-related biomarkers can make it possible to characterize the severity of TBI with greater accuracy, improve our understanding of staging within both the injury process and the recovery process, and help us develop quantifiable metrics representative of reversal and recovery from a brain injury following trauma. Proteomic and non-proteomic blood-based biomarkers are being studied extensively and have shown promise for these purposes. Developments in this realm have significant implications not only for clinical care but also for legislation, as well as civil and criminal litigation. Despite their substantial potential, most of these biomarkers are not yet ready for use within the clinical setting, and therefore, are not appropriate for use within the legal or policy-making systems at this time. Given that existing standardization for the accurate and reliable use of TBI biomarkers is currently insufficient for use within either the clinical or legal realms, such data can be vulnerable to misuse and can even result in the abuse of the legal system for unwarranted gain. Courts will need to carefully evaluate the information presented in their role as gatekeepers of the admissibility of scientific evidence within the legal process. Ultimately, the development of biomarkers should lead to improved clinical care following TBI exposure, coherent and informed laws surrounding TBI, and more accurate and just results in litigation surrounding TBI-related sequelae.

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“…As outlined previously, S100B, GFAP and UCH-L1 have all been approved for prediction of intracranial pathology on CT scans in adult cohorts (10,(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28). The studies investigated in this review provided contradictory evidence for their effectiveness in doing so, and particularly highlighted the ineffectiveness of S100B to predict intracranial pathology in pediatric cohorts (23,24).…”

Section: Abnormal Ctmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood biomarkers of secondary outcomes following concussion: A systematic review

Swaney

Cai²,

Seal³

et al. 2023

Front. Neurol.

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IntroductionBlood biomarkers have been identified as an alternative tool for predicting secondary outcomes following concussion. This systematic review aimed to summarize the literature on blood biomarkers of secondary outcomes following concussion in both pediatric and adult cohorts.MethodsA literature search of Embase, Medline and PubMed was conducted. Two reviewers independently assessed retrieved studies to determine inclusion in systematic review synthesis.ResultsA total of 1771 unique studies were retrieved, 58 of which were included in the final synthesis. S100B, GFAP and tau were identified as being associated with secondary outcomes following concussion. Seventeen percent of studies were performed in a solely pediatric setting.ConclusionsValidation of biomarkers associated with secondary outcomes following concussion have been largely limited by heterogeneous study cohorts and definitions of concussion and mTBI, presenting a hurdle for translation of these markers into clinical practice. Additionally, there was an underrepresentation of studies which investigated pediatric cohorts. Adult markers are not appropriate for children, therefore pediatric specific markers of secondary outcomes following concussion present the biggest gap in this field.

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The diagnostic competence of glial fibrillary acidic protein in mild traumatic brain injury and its prognostic value in patient recovery

Cited by 5 publications

References 26 publications

The Potential of S100 Calcium-Binding Protein B and Glial Fibrillary Acid Protein in Predicting the Intracranial Lesions in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review of Literature

The Potential of S100 Calcium-Binding Protein B and Glial Fibrillary Acid Protein in Predicting the Intracranial Lesions in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review of Literature

Blood-Based Biomarkers in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Narrative Review With Implications for the Legal System

Blood biomarkers of secondary outcomes following concussion: A systematic review

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