The Dietary Isothiocyanate Erucin Reduces Kidney Cell Motility by Disturbing Tubulin Polymerization

Abstract

Scope Epidemiological evidence associates the consumption of cruciferous vegetables with reduced risk of several cancers, including renal cell carcinoma. Erucin can be generated by in vivo reduction of sulforaphane or by enzymatic hydrolysis of glucoerucin. Contrarily to sulforaphane, only limited studies have addressed the anticancer properties of erucin. This study aims at evaluating the impact of erucin on renal cell biology. Methods and Results The effects of erucin were assessed in 786‐O and Vero‐E6 cells, representative of human renal cancer and non‐ cancer kidney cells, respectively. Erucin induced a concentration‐dependent decrease in cell viability and cell cycle arrest at G2/Mitosis. In Vero‐E6 cells erucin modestly reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species levels while in 786‐O no effects were detected. After erucin treatment, both cell lines revealed altered morphology, with a concentration‐dependent change from an elongated shape towards a smaller round conformation. Moreover, erucin affected cell adhesion and strongly altered the tubulin network structure and specifically microtubule polymerization. These results are in line with the observed decrease in collective and single cell migration and G2/Mitosis arrest. Conclusions Overall, erucin may have a beneficial impact in reducing the motility of renal cancer cells. Our results contribute to explore possible dietary approaches for secondary/tertiary renal cancer chemoprevention.

Absorption and Excretion of Glucosinolates and Isothiocyanates after Ingestion of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var italica) Leaf Flour in Mice: A Preliminary Study

“…Recently, erucin was demonstrated to have anticancer effects in an in vitro model of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype by inducing apoptosis and autophagy, having also antimetastatic activity [72]. In an in vitro model of renal cancer, erucin induced a concentration-dependent decrease in cell viability and cell-cycle arrest at G2/Mitosis [24]. 4.3.…”

“…In broccoli plants, glucoiberin (GI), glucobrassicin (GB), glucoraphanin (GR) and its reduced form glucoerucin (GE) are some of the glucosinolates present [16]. Isothiocyanates are health promoters as evidenced by several studies, showing potential therapeutic actions in many types of cancer, skin disorders, respiratory conditions, behavioural disorders, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and obesity [8,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. Sulforaphane (SFN) is an isothiocyanate that results from the hydrolysis of GR.…”

The Redox-Active Manganese(III) Porphyrin, MnTnBuOE-2-PyP5+, Impairs the Migration and Invasion of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells, Either Alone or Combined with Cisplatin

“…Cellular ROS levels analysis was performed using two different probes, dichlorodihydro-fluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA) and dihydroethidium (DHE). DCF-DA is a ROSdependent probe that is oxidized to dichlorofluorescein [40], while DHE is oxidized by superoxide to form hydroxyethidium. Even though DHE may react with other ROS and interfere with the fluorescence peak, the fluorescence intensity is mainly superoxidedependent [41].…”