The digestion, by sheep, of diets containing different physical forms of rapeseed

Pallister, S. M.; Smithard, R. R.

doi:10.1017/s0021859600081673

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Only a few comparisons between seeds and oils have been published. Pallister and Smithard (1987) reported a trend toward a lesser ruminal OM digestibility with extruded rapeseed than with crude rapeseed or rapeseed oil, as observed in our study for fiber digestibility with ELS compared with CLS and LSO (P = 0.11). Had we used more animals in our study, we might have detected the small differences among linseed treatments.…”

Section: Diet Digestibilitysupporting

confidence: 84%

Methane output and diet digestibility in response to feeding dairy cows crude linseed, extruded linseed, or linseed oil1

Martin

Rouel

Jouany

et al. 2008

Journal of Animal Science

308

312

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This experiment studied the effect of 3 forms of presentation of linseed fatty acids (FA) on methane output using the sulfur hexafluoride tracer technique, total tract digestibility, and performance of dairy cows. Eight multiparous lactating Holstein cows (initial milk yield 23.4 +/- 2.2 kg/d) were assigned to 4 dietary treatments in a replicated 4 x 4 Latin square design: a control diet (C) consisting of corn silage (59%), grass hay (6%), and concentrate (35%) and the same diet with crude linseed (CLS), extruded linseed (ELS), or linseed oil (LSO) at the same FA level (5.7% of dietary DM). Each experimental period lasted 4 wk. All the forms of linseed FA significantly decreased daily CH(4) emissions (P < 0.001) but to different extents (-12% with CLS, -38% with ELS, -64% with LSO) compared with C. The same ranking among diets was observed for CH(4) output expressed as a percentage of energy intake (P < 0.001) or in grams per kilogram of OM intake (P < 0.001). Methane production per unit of digested NDF was similar for C, CLS, and ELS but was less for LSO (138 vs. 68 g/kg of digested NDF, respectively; P < 0.001). Measured as grams per kilogram of milk or fat-corrected milk yield, methane emission was similar for C and CLS and was less for ELS and LSO (P < 0.001), LSO being less than ELS (P < 0.01). Total tract NDF digestibility was significantly less (P < 0.001) for the 3 supplemented diets than for C (-6.8% on average; P < 0.001). Starch digestibility was similar for all diets (mean 93.5%). Compared with C, DMI was not modified with CLS (P > 0.05) but was decreased with ELS and LSO (-3.1 and -5.1 kg/d, respectively; P < 0.001). Milk yield and milk fat content were similar for LSO and ELS but less than for C and CLS (19.9 vs. 22.3 kg/d and 33.8 vs. 43.2 g/kg, on average, respectively; P < 0.01 and P < 0.001). Linseed FA offer a promising dietary means to depress ruminal methanogenesis. The form of presentation of linseed FA greatly influences methane output from dairy cows. The negative effects of linseed on milk production will need to be overcome if it is to be considered as a methane mitigation agent. Optimal conditions for the utilization of linseed FA in ruminant diets need to be determined before recommending its use for the dairy industry.

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Section: Diet Digestibilitysupporting

confidence: 84%

Methane output and diet digestibility in response to feeding dairy cows crude linseed, extruded linseed, or linseed oil1

Martin

Rouel

Jouany

et al. 2008

Journal of Animal Science

308

312

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“…In addition, Gonthier et al (2004) and Martin et al (2008) with linseeds, Ferlay et al (1992); Albro et al (1993) and Petit et al (1997) with soybeans or rapeseeds, did not find any effect of extrusion on forestomach and total tract OM or fibre digestibility. Likewise, with oil and whole seeds, Pallister and Smithard (1987) did not find differences in digestion of rapeseed oil versus oil included in rapeseeds while, more recently, Martin et al (2008) did not find differences between linseed oil and oil included in linseeds.…”

Section: Digestibility and Ruminal Digestionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Effects of linseed lipids fed as rolled seeds, extruded seeds or oil on organic matter and crude protein digestion in cows

Doreau

Aurousseau

Martin

2009

Animal Feed Science and Technology

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Effects of fatty acids of linseed in different forms, on ruminal fermentation and digestibility were studied in dry cows fitted with ruminal and duodenal cannulas. Four diets based on maize silage, lucerne hay and concentrates (65/10/25 dry matter (DM)) were compared in a 4 × 4 Latin square design experiment where the diets were: control diet (C), diet RL supplied 75 g/kg DM rolled linseeds, diet EL supplied 75 g/kg DM extruded linseeds, and diet LO supplied 26 g/kg DM linseed oil and 49 g/kg DM linseed meal. The diets did not differ in total organic matter (OM) and fibre digestibility, in forestomach and intestinal OM digestibility, and in duodenal N flow. Microbial N duodenal flow tended to be lower for RL versus C diet (P<0.1). Extrusion did not reduce ruminal crude protein (CP) degradation in vivo and in situ. Volatile fatty acid concentration and pattern, and protozoa concentration in the rumen, did not vary among diets. Results confirm the absence of a negative effect of a moderate supply of linseed on rumen function, as well as no effect of extrusion on its ruminal CP degradability.

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“…For instance, milk yield and composition were optimized when Jet-Sploded whole canola seed was included at 4.5% of the diet but were diminished at higher levels (up to 17.4%; Khorasani et al, 1991). Pallister and Smithard (1987) indicated that sheep fed 4% extruded whole rapeseed had lower OM, N, and fiber digestibilities than sheep fed untreated whole seed, yet less 18:1 was biohydrogenated in the rumen and small intestinal digestibility of 18:1 increased by 15% when sheep were fed the extruded rapeseed. suggested some protection of unsaturated fatty acids by extrusion of rapeseed, because they were able to include rapeseed at up to 14% of the DM of a hay-based diet fed to cows without adversely affecting fiber digestibility.…”

Section: Canola Seed Dietsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of chemical treatment of whole canola seed on intake, nutrient digestibilities, milk production, and milk fatty acids of Holstein cows.

Aldrich

Merchen

Drackley

et al. 1997

Journal of Animal Science

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To determine the effect of alkaline hydrogen peroxide treatment of whole canola seed on milk fatty acid composition, 12 multiparous lactating Holstein cows (618 kg, 47 d in milk) were fed total mixed rations in a replicated (3) 4 x 4 Latin square designed experiment. The control diet contained no supplemental fat source. Canola seed (11.2%), either crushed or treated with alkaline hydrogen peroxide or Megalac (5.6%) were supplemental fat sources in the crushed, treated, and calcium salts of long-chain fatty acids (Ca-LCFA) dietary treatments. Experimental periods consisted of 28 d, with 21 d of adaptation to diets and 7 d for data collection. Cows were offered ad libitum access to feed. Intakes, ruminal characteristics, and total tract apparent digestibilities were measured and are discussed. Production of milk and 4% fat-corrected milk were not different among treatment groups (average 35.0 and 32.8 kg/d, respectively). Milk fat percentages were greater (P = .02) for cows fed treated canola seed or Ca-LCFA than for cows fed crushed canola seed (average 3.71 vs 3.43%, respectively), but milk fat yield (kg/d) was unaffected. Cows fed fat-supplemented diets had lower milk protein percentages than cows fed the control diet. Within the fat-supplemented diet groups, cows fed crushed canola seed had greater milk protein percentages (P = .01) and yields (P < .01) than cows fed treated canola or Ca-LCFA. Milk fat from cows fed diets supplemented with canola seed (treated or crushed) had lower proportions of 14:0 and 16:0 and greater proportions of 18:0 and 18:1 than milk fat from cows fed the control or Ca-LCFA diets. Intakes, milk production, milk composition, and milk fatty acid profiles substantiate that treated canola seed was utilized by cows to an extent similar to that of crushed canola seed. Further definition of the method for treatment of canola seed may provide a strategy for adding higher levels of monounsaturated fatty acids to lactation diets to produce favorable alterations in milk fat composition.

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The digestion, by sheep, of diets containing different physical forms of rapeseed

Cited by 12 publications

References 25 publications

Methane output and diet digestibility in response to feeding dairy cows crude linseed, extruded linseed, or linseed oil1

Methane output and diet digestibility in response to feeding dairy cows crude linseed, extruded linseed, or linseed oil1

Effects of linseed lipids fed as rolled seeds, extruded seeds or oil on organic matter and crude protein digestion in cows

The effects of chemical treatment of whole canola seed on intake, nutrient digestibilities, milk production, and milk fatty acids of Holstein cows.

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