The Direct Growth of Graphene-Carbon Nanotube Hybrids as Catalyst Support for High-Performance PEM Fuel Cells

Pham, Kien-Cuong; Chua, Daniel H. C.; McPhail, David S.; Wee, Andrew Thye Shen

doi:10.1149/2.009406eel

Cited by 25 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…For a better understanding of the GCNT and Pt/GCNT hybrids, interested readers can find a comprehensive characterization of the GCNT and Pt/GCNT hybrid materials, including SEM, TEM, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), in our previous report. 21 The purity and chemical state of the Pt/GCNT catalyst were characterized with XPS. Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following this approach, our previous study showed that graphene-carbon nanotube hybrids demonstrated an enhanced polarization performance compared to a commercial carbon black-supported Pt catalyst. 21 Device durability, nevertheless, was not discussed in our previous report. In this study, we will focus on the electrochemical durability of the catalyst based on the graphene-carbon nanotube hybrid support.…”

mentioning

confidence: 82%

“…21 To summarize, the GCNT hybrids were grown directly onto Toray carbon paper using a two-step procedure. In the first step, CNTs were grown directly onto the catalyzed carbon paper using the thermal chemical vapor deposition technique.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…20 However, the two-dimensional morphology of graphene can impede the transport of reactants inside the fuel cells, due to the tendency to re-stack graphene unless the graphene is suitably aligned. To address this challenge, we reported in our previous study 21 the growth of a hierarchical carbon nanostructure in which CNTs are grown directly onto Toray carbon paper and graphene is directly and densely grown onto the CNTs. We refer to this material as graphene-carbon nanotube (GCNT) hybrids.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Graphene-Carbon Nanotube Hybrids as Robust Catalyst Supports in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Pham

McPhail

Mattevi

et al. 2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Catalyst degradation is one major challenge preventing the worldwide commercialization of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells. In this study, we investigate the development of a novel hierarchical carbonaceous support for the platinum catalysts, called graphene-carbon nanotube hybrids (GCNT), and its degradation behavior during an accelerated degradation test. The carbon support is fabricated by growing graphene directly onto carbon nanotubes to form a unique all-carbon nanostructure possessing both an ultra-high density of exposed graphitic edges of graphene and a porous structure of carbon nanotubes. The GCNT-supported platinum catalyst exhibits a higher intrinsic catalytic activity than a carbon black-supported platinum catalyst, and much higher than a CNT-supported platinum catalyst. The enhanced catalytic activity of the GCNT-supported platinum catalyst is explained by the high graphitic edge density which promotes the catalytic reactions on platinum catalyst. The GCNT-supported platinum catalyst also exhibits a superior electrochemical stability over that of the carbon black-supported platinum catalyst, explained by the high crystallinity of the GCNT support. The superior stability is expressed by a lower loss in polarization performance, a smaller increase in charge transfer resistance, a lower loss in the platinum electrochemical surface area, a lower rate of carbon corrosion, and a more stable catalyst microstructure. Energy security and climate change have become major global concerns, and viable candidates for renewable energy technologies are actively being sought. With high energy conversion efficiencies and low emissions, fuel cell technologies have received much research attention recently.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Graphene-Carbon Nanotube Hybrids as Robust Catalyst Supports in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Pham

McPhail

Mattevi

et al. 2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…Particular interest is concentrated on graphene-functionalized 3D-electrodes [12]. These can be represented by graphene-modified carbon fibers [13][14][15], particularly in the form of frequently used in electrochemistry Toray carbon paper [16,17]. Overall, the niche for studying novel graphene materials and applications can be found in the in situ electrochemical formation of graphene on surfaces of 3D-carbon fibers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene‐Functionalized 3D‐Carbon Fiber Electrodes – Preparation and Electrochemical Characterization

et al. 2016

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Graphene nanosheets were produced on the surface of carbon fibers by in situ electrochemical procedure including oxidative and reductive steps to yield first graphene oxide, later converted to graphene. The electrode material composed of graphene‐functionalized carbon fibers was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and cyclic voltammery demonstrating superior electrochemical kinetics comparing with the original carbon paper. The interfacial electron transfer rate for the reversible redox process of [Fe(CN)6]3−/4− was found ca. 4.5‐fold higher after the electrode modification with the graphene nanosheets. The novel electrode material is suggested as a promising conducting interface for bioelectrocatalytic electrodes used in various electrochemical biosensors and biofuel cells, particularly operating in vivo.

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Benefits of using carbon nanotubes in fuel cells: a review

Akbari

Buntat

2016

Int. J. Energy Res.

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Summary A carbon nanotube (CNT) is a nanoscale cylindrical tube formed from a single atomic layer of carbon atoms. CNTs are known to possess several unique characteristics, including high thermal and electrical conductivity, superior mechanical strength and chemical stability, as well as a high surface area. These characteristics, in addition to the fundamental advantages of being a carbon material, cause CNTs to be a favorable candidate for fuel cell applications. In this current assessment, past findings in relation to CNTs are summarized. Additionally, future prospects for microscopic study of CNTs are also presented. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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The Direct Growth of Graphene-Carbon Nanotube Hybrids as Catalyst Support for High-Performance PEM Fuel Cells

Cited by 25 publications

References 18 publications

Graphene-Carbon Nanotube Hybrids as Robust Catalyst Supports in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Graphene-Carbon Nanotube Hybrids as Robust Catalyst Supports in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Graphene‐Functionalized 3D‐Carbon Fiber Electrodes – Preparation and Electrochemical Characterization

Benefits of using carbon nanotubes in fuel cells: a review

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