Lysosomal acid lipase deficiency is an orphan autosomal recessive disease associated with the presence of mutations in the LIPA gene. Clinical manifestations of lysosomal acid lipase deficiency come in two main forms: Wolman’s disease and cholesterol ester storage disease. The article presents current information about the disease, describes the most characteristic clinical and laboratory signs, features of enzyme replacement therapy, outcomes and prognosis of the disease in children. The article also provides its own clinical observation of the family case of cholesterol ester storage disease in brothers.