“…Although, as noted in [34], probabilistic methods do not find appreciation among theoreticians and practitioners alike because "probabilistic reliability studies involve assumptions on the probability densities, whose knowledge regarding relevant input quantities is central", the deterministic worst case approach (limited to optimization problems over f ) is sometimes "too pessimistic to be practical" [29,34] because "it does not take into account the improbability that (possibly independent or weakly correlated) random variables conspire to produce a failure event" [113] (which constitutes one motivation for considering ambiguity sets involving both measures and functions). Therefore OUQ and Distributionally Robust Optimization (DRO) [6,48,13,174,177,166,52] could be seen as middle-ground between the deterministic worst case approach of Robust Optimization [6,13] and approaches of Stochastic Programming and Chanced Constrained Optimization [18,23] by defining optimization objectives and constraints in terms of expected values and probabilities with respect to imperfectly known distributions.…”