The Diversity of Liquid Biopsies and Their Potential in Breast Cancer Management

Keup, Corinna; Kimmig, Rainer; Kasimir-Bauer, Sabine

doi:10.3390/cancers15225463

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 359 publications

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“…Liquid biopsy aims to collect biomarkers from biological tissues that are not solid in order to assess the disease status. It can sample and analyze different biogenic substances such as CTCs, nucleic acids, proteins or EVs in bodily fluids such as blood or urine ( 207 ). Currently, researchers are considering combining CTCs, ctDNA, RNA, miRNA, protein, and lipid EV cargos in diagnosing and prognosticating cancer and other diseases.…”

Section: Comprehensive Liquid Biopsymentioning

confidence: 99%

Research progress of CTC, ctDNA, and EVs in cancer liquid biopsy

Wang,

Lin

et al. 2024

Front. Oncol.

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Circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), and extracellular vehicles (EVs) have received significant attention in recent times as emerging biomarkers and subjects of transformational studies. The three main branches of liquid biopsy have evolved from the three primary tumor liquid biopsy detection targets—CTC, ctDNA, and EVs—each with distinct benefits. CTCs are derived from circulating cancer cells from the original tumor or metastases and may display global features of the tumor. ctDNA has been extensively analyzed and has been used to aid in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of neoplastic diseases. EVs contain tumor-derived material such as DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids, sugar structures, and metabolites. The three provide different detection contents but have strong complementarity to a certain extent. Even though they have already been employed in several clinical trials, the clinical utility of three biomarkers is still being studied, with promising initial findings. This review thoroughly overviews established and emerging technologies for the isolation, characterization, and content detection of CTC, ctDNA, and EVs. Also discussed were the most recent developments in the study of potential liquid biopsy biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, therapeutic monitoring, and prognosis prediction. These included CTC, ctDNA, and EVs. Finally, the potential and challenges of employing liquid biopsy based on CTC, ctDNA, and EVs for precision medicine were evaluated.

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Section: Comprehensive Liquid Biopsymentioning

confidence: 99%

Research progress of CTC, ctDNA, and EVs in cancer liquid biopsy

Wang,

Lin

et al. 2024

Front. Oncol.

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“… 156 , 157 Moreover, the integration of liquid biopsies for the detection of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has shown promise in monitoring disease progression and identifying actionable mutations in MBC. 158 , 159 This non-invasive approach offers a valuable avenue for real-time monitoring and treatment adjustment.…”

Section: Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (Dcis)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Male Breast Cancer: Current Scenario and Future Perspectives

Chidambaram,

Prabhakaran,

Sivasamy

et al. 2024

Technol Cancer Res Treat

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Male breast cancer (MBC), one of the rare types of cancer among men where the global incidence rate is 1.8% of all breast cancers cases with a yearly increase in a pace of 1.1%. Since the last 10 years, the incidence has been increased from 7.2% to 10.3% and the mortality rate was decreased from 11% to 3.8%. Nevertheless, the rate of diagnoses has been expected to be around 2.6% in the near future, still there is a great lack in studies to characterize the MBC including the developed countries. Based on our search, it is evidenced from the literature that the number of risk factors for the cause of MBC are significant, which includes the increase in age, family genetic history, mutations in specific genes due to various environmental impacts, hormonal imbalance and unregulated expression receptors for specific hormones of high levels of estrogen or androgen receptors compared to females. MBCs are broadly classified into ductal and lobular carcinomas with further sub-types, with some of the symptoms including a lump or swelling in the breast, redness of flaky skin in the breast, irritation and nipple discharge that is similar to the female breast cancer (FBC). The most common diagnostic tools currently in use are the ultrasound guided sonography, mammography, and biopsies. Treatment modalities for MBC include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, and targeted therapies. However, the guidelines followed for the diagnosis and treatment modalities of MBC are mostly based on FBC that is due to the lack of prospective studies related to MBC. However, there are distinct clinical and molecular features of MBC, it is a need to develop different clinical methods with more multinational approaches to help oncologist to improve care for MBC patients.

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“…The simultaneous evaluation of different liquid biopsy analytes can maximize the information derived from a single peripheral blood sample and provide a more accurate picture of the complexity of BC ( Figure 1 ) ( 12 ). While the clinical significance of these circulating biomarkers has been largely assessed independently, understanding their potential complementarity could enhance prognosis definition thus enabling a more precise management of BC patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating tumor cells et al.: towards a comprehensive liquid biopsy approach in breast cancer

Nicolò,

Gianni,

Pontolillo

et al. 2024

Transl Breast Cancer Res

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Liquid biopsy has emerged as a crucial tool in managing breast cancer (BC) patients, offering a minimally invasive approach to detect circulating tumor biomarkers. Until recently, the majority of the studies in BC focused on evaluating a single liquid biopsy analyte, primarily circulating tumor DNA and circulating tumor cells (CTCs). Despite the proven prognostic and predictive value of CTCs, their low abundance when detected using enrichment methods, especially in the early stages, poses a significant challenge. It is becoming evident that combining diverse circulating biomarkers, each representing different facets of tumor biology, has the potential to enhance the management of patients with BC. This article emphasizes the importance of considering these biomarkers as complementary/synergistic rather than competitive, recognizing their ability to contribute to a comprehensive disease profile. The review provides an overview of the clinical significance of simultaneously analyzing CTCs and other biomarkers, including cell-free circulating DNA, extracellular vesicles, non-canonical CTCs, cell-free RNAs, and non-malignant cells. Such a comprehensive liquid biopsy approach holds promise not only in BC but also in other cancer types, offering opportunities for early detection, prognostication, and therapy monitoring. However, addressing associated challenges, such as refining detection methods and establishing standardized protocols, is crucial for realizing the full potential of liquid biopsy in transforming our understanding and approach to BC. As the field evolves, collaborative efforts will be instrumental in unlocking the revolutionary impact of liquid biopsy in BC research and management.

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The Diversity of Liquid Biopsies and Their Potential in Breast Cancer Management

Cited by 7 publications

References 359 publications

Research progress of CTC, ctDNA, and EVs in cancer liquid biopsy

Research progress of CTC, ctDNA, and EVs in cancer liquid biopsy

Male Breast Cancer: Current Scenario and Future Perspectives

Circulating tumor cells et al.: towards a comprehensive liquid biopsy approach in breast cancer

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