The domestication of cultivated barley

Bothmer, Roland von; Sato, Kazuhiro; Komatsuda, Takao; Yasuda, Shozo; Fischbeck, G.

doi:10.1016/s0168-7972(03)80004-x

Cited by 94 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…First, in what was perhaps 2,000 or more years before agrarian culture expanded into Central Asia, cultivated barley was subject to human selection for agronomically desirable polygenic traits, such as seed size and loss of seed dormancy (12,38). After hybridization between wild and landrace barley, repeated back-crossing to the recurrent parent (imported landraces) would be necessary to recover agronomically important traits, diminishing the potential genetic contribution of the donor parent (eastern wild barley).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In domesticated barley (with nonbrittle ears), grains remain attached to the upright stems where they can be readily harvested. The locus responsible for nonbrittle ears differs among landraces from eastern and western Asia, suggesting independent origins (10) and fueling decades of discussion among archaeologists and biologists as to the number of domestications of barley (5,(11)(12)(13). Zohary (13) identifies two types of genetic evidence likely to be informative as to the number and/or locations of domestication.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Genetic evidence for a second domestication of barley ( Hordeum vulgare ) east of the Fertile Crescent

Morrell

Clegg

2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

348

249

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Cereal agriculture originated with the domestication of barley and early forms of wheat in the Fertile Crescent. There has long been speculation that barley was domesticated more than once. We use differences in haplotype frequency among geographic regions at multiple loci to infer at least two domestications of barley; one within the Fertile Crescent and a second 1,500 -3,000 km farther east. The Fertile Crescent domestication contributed the majority of diversity in European and American cultivars, whereas the second domestication contributed most of the diversity in barley from Central Asia to the Far East.nucleotide polymorphism ͉ population structure ͉ resequencing ͉ Neolithic agriculture ͉ archaeology

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic evidence for a second domestication of barley ( Hordeum vulgare ) east of the Fertile Crescent

Morrell

Clegg

2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

348

249

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“…A total of 32 individuals of barley landraces were collected from various regions of Iran (from the altitude of 43m to 2051m) by two of the authors (Khodayari and Saeidi) and these were identified morphologically according to Bothmer et al [1] (Table I). The accession numbers and geographic origins of samples are shown in Table I.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…vulgare) is one of the most important crop cereals in the tribe Triticeae (Poaceae) that cultivated over the temperate regions [1]. Based on several reports it has been originated from Fertile Crescent in Near East or from Tibetan in the west China [2], [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity of Cultivated Barley Landraces in Iran Measured Using Microsatellites

Khodayari¹,

Saeidi²,

Roofigar³

et al. 2012

IJBBB

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Abstract-The cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare) is one of the major crops in the world. In this study the genetic diversity of 32 individuals of two-rowed and six-rowed Iranian landraces barley evaluated using 17 microsatellite markers. A high level of polymorphism information content (PIC; average = 0.651) and an average of 8.117 allele per locus were observed. In dendrograms constructed based on the SSR data, the two group of cultivars (var. distichon and var. hexastichon) were separated. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that there is a high level of genetic diversity between the barely landraces in Iran and that the barely Iranian gene pool is valuable source to search for new useful alleles for crop improvement.

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“…Both wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) belong to the tribe Triticeae, which is considered to be monophyletic and consists of several genomes, and displays various degrees of polyploidy (Bothmer et al 2003). Cultivated barley is characterized by the basic genome H (Bothmer et al 2003), while common (hexaploid) wheat by three different genomes, A, B and D (Feldman et al 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barley EST Markers Enhance Map Saturation and QTL Mapping in Diploid Wheat

et al. 2007

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A linkage map was constructed using PCR-based markers developed from barley expressed sequence tags (ESTs) for recombinant inbred (RI) lines (F 10 ) derived from a cross between Triticum monococcum L. strain KT3-5 and T. boeoticum Boiss. strain KT1-1. Among the primer sets of 2,695 barley ESTs, 242 EST markers were integrated into the frame of a previously constructed diploid wheat linkage map with 96 RFLP markers. The total map length comprising barley EST, previously mapped RFLP and morphological markers was 1,038.1 cM, and the average distance between two adjacent loci was 3.1 cM. The linkage map showed saturation with the barley EST markers by covering extended telomeric regions and increasing the resolution compared with the previous RFLP map. Order of barley ESTs on the diploid wheat linkage map mostly showed a collinearity to that on the barley linkage map constructed previously, although the long arms of the homoeologous linkage groups 4 and 5 showed structural changes between diploid wheat and barley. Phenotypes of nine quantitative traits were scored for the diploid wheat RI lines and their parents. Composite interval mapping enabled to detect 24 quantitative trait loci for the traits. Thus, barley ESTs could become powerful tools to reveal homoeologous relationships between barley and wheat chromosomes, and valuable resources to develop genetic markers for wheat genomes.

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The domestication of cultivated barley

Cited by 94 publications

References 35 publications

Genetic evidence for a second domestication of barley ( Hordeum vulgare ) east of the Fertile Crescent

Genetic evidence for a second domestication of barley ( Hordeum vulgare ) east of the Fertile Crescent

Genetic Diversity of Cultivated Barley Landraces in Iran Measured Using Microsatellites

Barley EST Markers Enhance Map Saturation and QTL Mapping in Diploid Wheat

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