The phase relations of the GdCo 13−x Si x system have been studied by means of scanning microscopy, microprobe analysis and x-ray diffraction. Single-phase samples GdCo 9±δ Si 4∓δ (structure type LaFe 9 Si 4 with space group I 4/mcm) are formed in a narrow composition range |δ| 0.2, where GdCo 9 Si 4 forms as a fully ordered ternary compound. The magnetic properties of GdCo 9 Si 4 have been investigated by ac susceptibility, magnetization, specific heat and resistivity measurements. These experiments reveal ferrimagnetism below about 47 K, which is analysed in terms of a two-sublattice molecular field model with a local moment Gd subsystem coupling antiparallel to the itinerant ferromagnetic Co 3d sublattice. The 3d-3d exchange of the latter is the driving force for the onset of long range magnetic order. The validity of the twosublattice model is demonstrated by high field measurements, showing that the ferrimagnetic coupling starts to break up at a lower critical field µ 0 H l 27 T. The magnetic ground state of GdCo 9 Si 4 has been analysed on a microscopic basis via LSDA electronic structure calculations.