The Driving Forces of Point Source Wastewater Emission: Case Study of COD and NH4-N Discharges in Mainland China

Zhang, Zhaofang; He, Weijun; Shen, Juqin; An, Malaviya; Gao, Xin; Degefu, Dagmawi Mulugeta; Yuan, Liang; Kong, Yang; Zhang, Chengcai; Huang, Jin

doi:10.3390/ijerph16142556

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Since decomposition results are easy to be interpreted with the characteristics of uniqueness and consistency, the logarithmic mean divisia index (LMDI) method is widely used in the field of energy and environment [18,19,20], and gradually, its application to analyze the driving factors of water resources grew [21,22]. For instance, Li et al (2018) [23] and Chen et al (2017) [24] studied the changes of industrial water consumption and industrial wastewater discharge, respectively, and effectively identified the main influencing factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decoupling Analysis of Water Footprint and Economic Growth: A Case Study of Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region from 2004 to 2017

Kong

Yuan

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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The Beijing–Tianji–Hebei region (BTHR) is economically developed and densely populated, but its water resources are extremely scarce. A clear understanding of the decoupling relationship between water footprint and economic growth is conducive to facilitating and realizing the coordinated development of water resources and economic growth in this region. This study calculated the water footprint and other related indicators of BTHR from 2004 to 2017, and objectively evaluated the utilization of water resources in the region. Then, logarithmic mean divisia index (LMDI) method was applied to study the driving factors that resulted in the change of water footprint and their respective effects. Finally, Tapio decoupling model was used to research the decoupling relationships between water footprint and economic growth, and between the driving factors of water footprint and economic growth. There are three main results in this research. (1) The water utilization efficiency in BTHR continues to improve, and the water footprint shows a gradually increasing trend during the research period, among which the agricultural water footprint accounts for a relatively high proportion. (2) The change of water footprint can be attributed to efficiency effect, economic effect, and population effect. Furthermore, efficiency effect is the decisive factor of water footprint reduction and economic effect is the main factor of water footprint increase, while population effect plays a weak role in promoting the increase in water footprint. (3) The decoupling status between water footprint and economic growth show a weak decoupling in most years, while the status between water footprint intensity and economic growth always remains strong decoupling. Moreover, population size and economic growth always show an expansive coupling state. In sum, it is advisable for policy makers to improve water utilization efficiency, especially agricultural irrigation efficiency, to raise residents’ awareness of water conservation, and increase the import of water-intensive products, so as to alleviate water shortage and realize the coordinated development of water resources and economic growth in BTHR.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decoupling Analysis of Water Footprint and Economic Growth: A Case Study of Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region from 2004 to 2017

Kong

Yuan

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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“…To further demonstrate the significant results of the investment in WWT in NWC, we analyzed the discharge of the two main pollution indicators for river waters in China [67,68]: the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and the ammonia nitrogen (NH 4 ), from 2003 to 2020. Although these two measurements alone do not serve as a comprehensive evaluation of the efficiency of policies established for water quality improvement, they can provide the broader picture of the evolution of water quality status since they have been traditionally the major threats for river waters [67,68]. Figure 8 shows that the major pollution discharge from wastewater in NWC presents a trend similar to an Environmental Kuznets Curve [69].…”

Section: Controlling Main Pollutants and Increasing Wastewater Treatm...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Water Sustainability in Northwest China: Analysis of Water Quantity, Water Quality, Socio-Economic Development and Policy Impacts

et al. 2023

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Northwest China (NWC) is one of the driest areas of the world. Over the past decades, NWC has experienced rapid socio-economic development, further stressing its freshwater quantity and quality. However, there is little knowledge on the long-term status of NWC’s water resources and the anthropogenic impacts—positive (environmental policies) or negative (uncontrolled development). We present a holistic spatiotemporal assessment of NWC’s water quantity, water scarcity, and water quality based on water use intensity (WUI), water scarcity index (WSI), and statistical analyses and tests, combining multiple datasets spanning the past two decades. Moreover, we analyze the impacts of socio-economic development on water resources and mention the relevant governmental efforts and policies to preserve NWC’s water resources. NWC’s water use was found to be unsustainable, having significantly increased by 10% over the past two decades, but without being able to adequately cover the needs of most sectors. Our results also reveal water scarcity inequalities among NWC’s provinces; perennial water scarcity exists in Xinjiang and Ningxia Provinces, and there is no water stress in Qinghai. A remarkable wastewater treatment rate (from 27.3% in 2003 to 97.1% in 2020) and river water quality improvement have been achieved under continuous efforts, huge restoration and water pollution control investments. However, water shortages are a persistent issue. Balancing the water availability and demand will be crucial to achieve a truly sustainable development.

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“…The previous research methods provided rich perspectives and assessments for the discussion of this relationship. However, coordination of the industrial-ecological economy is dynamic change and evolution which depends on the interaction and development level between the industrial economy and industrial ecology (Zhang et al, 2019;Xu et al, 2021). On one hand, the development of the industrial economy will drive industrial technological innovation and improve the level of industrial ecology, however, it will also lead to the consumption of resources and the discharge of pollutants, which at the same time hinders the development of the industrial economy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coordination of the Industrial-Ecological Economy in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, China

Yuan

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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The Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB) is an important growth pole of China’s economy, but it is also one of the most environmentally polluted basins in China. Maintaining the vitality of economic development while at the same time realizing the coordinated development of industry and ecosystems, is an important issue that needs in-depth discussion and research. This paper analyzes the degree of coordination regarding the industrial-ecological economy in the YREB, identifies important influencing factors, and puts forward measures for improvement. First, an evaluation model of the industrial-ecological economy is constructed. Second, a model is constructed for the measurement of the coordination degree of the industrial economy and industrial ecology based on the Lotka-Volterra Model. Third, the relationship is assessed with respect to competition versus cooperation. Finally, the important factors affecting coordination are identified using a Neural Network Model. Four main conclusions can be drawn: 1) The comprehensive development of the industrial economy and industrial ecology in 11 provinces and cities in the YREB is generally trending upward. 2) The coordination level of the industrial-ecological economy in the midstream area is high. The provinces Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, and Guizhou are in a coordinated state. 3) The midstream area has a more balanced industrial-ecological economy with significant symbiosis between the industrial economy and industrial ecology. Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, and Guizhou Provinces show a symbiotic relationship; Shanghai City, Chongqing City, and Anhui Province show a partially symbiotic relationship; and Zhejiang, Hubei, Hunan, and Yunnan Provinces show a mutually inhibitory relationship. 4) The industrial ecosystem is the largest factor in the degree of coordination, and intensity of R&D investment, regional GDP per capita, and proportion of tertiary-industry added-value in GDP also have a great impact. Based on this analysis, this paper proposes measures for high-quality development of the industrial-ecological economy of the YREB with regard to balanced development of the industrial economy, transformation and upgrading of the surrounding environment, along with coordinated and integrated development.

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The Driving Forces of Point Source Wastewater Emission: Case Study of COD and NH4-N Discharges in Mainland China

Cited by 11 publications

References 47 publications

Decoupling Analysis of Water Footprint and Economic Growth: A Case Study of Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region from 2004 to 2017

Decoupling Analysis of Water Footprint and Economic Growth: A Case Study of Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region from 2004 to 2017

Assessing Water Sustainability in Northwest China: Analysis of Water Quantity, Water Quality, Socio-Economic Development and Policy Impacts

Coordination of the Industrial-Ecological Economy in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, China

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