The dual character of exosomes in osteoarthritis: Antagonists and therapeutic agents

Zhou, Quan-fa; Cai, Youzhi; Lin, Xiang

doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2020.01.040

Cited by 38 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…Exosomes also play an important role at the interface between the implant and bone tissue. The finding implies that exosomes may have advantages of targeting and specificity as bioactive-based materials (Zhou et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Exosomes Enhance Adhesion and Osteogenic Differentiation of Initial Bone Marrow Stem Cells on Titanium Surfaces

Lan

Jin

Xie

et al. 2020

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Successful osseointegration involves the biological behavior of bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) on an implant surface; however, the role of BMSC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs)/exosomes in osseointegration is little known. This study aimed to: (i) explore the interaction force between exosomes (Exo) and cells on a titanium surface; (ii) discuss whether the morphology and biological behavior of BMSCs are affected by exosomes; and (iii) preliminarily investigate the mechanism by which exosomes regulate cells on Ti surface. Exosomes secreted by rat BMSCs were collected by ultracentrifugation and analyzed using transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis. Confocal fluorescence microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction techniques, and alkaline phosphatase bioactivity, Alizarin Red staining, and quantification were used to investigate the exosomes that adhere to the Ti plates under different treatments as well as the morphological change, adhesion, spread, and differentiation of BMSCs. We found that exosomes were efficiently internalized and could regulate cell morphology and promoted the adhesion, spreading, and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. These were achieved partly by activating the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway. Our discovery presents a new insight into the positive regulatory effect of exosomes on the biological behaviors of BMSCs on Ti surface and provides a novel route to modify the surface of a Ti implant.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Exosomes Enhance Adhesion and Osteogenic Differentiation of Initial Bone Marrow Stem Cells on Titanium Surfaces

Lan

Jin

Xie

et al. 2020

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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“…After being released by parent cells, exosomes can directly activate/inhibit target cells by binding to relevant receptors or transfer and translate the genetic material into functional proteins by endocytosis, which mediates intercellular communication and gene regulation, thereby improving the cellular function (Boyiadzis and Whiteside, 2015 ). As a signaling molecule involved in cellular interaction, exosomes can either accelerate the progression of OA or the promotion of articular cartilage repair (Zhou Q. F. et al, 2020 ). Specifically, the exosomes secreted by therapeutic cells, especially MSCs, have been used for the treatment of OA by transferring their bioactive substances to regulate the damaged tissue environment and coordinate the subsequent regenerative process ( Figure 4 ).…”

Section: Role Of Evs In the Treatment Of Articular Cartilage Lesions And Degenerative Joint Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Being a nano-carrier naturally secreted by cells, exosomes also have advantages, such as small size, large surface area, strong targeting, high bioavailability, and low immunogenicity, providing a new idea for the drug delivery therapy of OA (Zhou Q. F. et al, 2020 ). Xu et al fused the MSC-binding peptide E7 with the exosomal membrane protein Lamp 2b to obtain the SF-MSC-targeted exosomes (E7-Exos).…”

Section: Role Of Evs In the Treatment Of Articular Cartilage Lesions And Degenerative Joint Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic and Therapeutic Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Articular Cartilage Lesions and Degenerative Joint Diseases

Qiao

Chen

Cao

et al. 2021

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Two leading contributors to the global disability are cartilage lesions and degenerative joint diseases, which are characterized by the progressive cartilage destruction. Current clinical treatments often fail due to variable outcomes and an unsatisfactory long-term repair. Cell-based therapies were once considered as an effective solution because of their anti-inflammatory and immunosuppression characteristics as well as their differentiation capacity to regenerate the damaged tissue. However, stem cell-based therapies have inherent limitations, such as a high tumorigenicity risk, a low retention, and an engraftment rate, as well as strict regulatory requirements, which result in an underwhelming therapeutic effect. Therefore, the non-stem cell-based therapy has gained its popularity in recent years. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), in particular, like the paracrine factors secreted by stem cells, have been proven to play a role in mediating the biological functions of target cells, and can achieve the therapeutic effect similar to stem cells in cartilage tissue engineering. Therefore, a comprehensive review of the therapeutic role of EVs in cartilage lesions and degenerative joint diseases can be discussed both in terms of time and favorability. In this review, we summarized the physiological environment of a joint and its pathological alteration after trauma and consequent changes in EVs, which are lacking in the current literature studies. In addition, we covered the potential working mechanism of EVs in the repair of the cartilage and the joint and also discussed the potential therapeutic applications of EVs in future clinical use.

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“…Indeed, the various studies that yielded these results were conducted in animal models. However, most studies on the application of exosomes in joint and cartilage regeneration in vivo focused on arthritic knees 87 . In a recent study, human embryonic stem cell-derived exosomes injected into the compartment of the TMJ in a rat model with monosodium-iodoacetate-induced TMJ osteoarthritis promoted TMJ repair and regeneration by regulating inflammatory responses and healing condylar cartilage and subchondral bone 88 .…”

Section: Exosome-based Therapeutics For Craniofacial and Dental Applimentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging role of exosomes in craniofacial and dental applications

Xing¹,

Han²,

Li³

et al. 2020

Theranostics

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Exosomes, a specific subgroup of extracellular vesicles that are secreted by cells, have been recognized as important mediators of intercellular communication. They participate in a diverse range of physiological and pathological processes. Given the capability of exosomes to carry molecular cargos and transfer bioactive components, exosome-based disease diagnosis and therapeutics have been extensively studied over the past few decades. Herein, we highlight the emerging applications of exosomes as biomarkers and therapeutic agents in the craniofacial and dental field. Moreover, we discuss the current challenges and future perspectives of exosomes in clinical applications.

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The dual character of exosomes in osteoarthritis: Antagonists and therapeutic agents

Cited by 38 publications

References 86 publications

Exosomes Enhance Adhesion and Osteogenic Differentiation of Initial Bone Marrow Stem Cells on Titanium Surfaces

Exosomes Enhance Adhesion and Osteogenic Differentiation of Initial Bone Marrow Stem Cells on Titanium Surfaces

Diagnostic and Therapeutic Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Articular Cartilage Lesions and Degenerative Joint Diseases

Emerging role of exosomes in craniofacial and dental applications

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