The Duality of Arsenic Metabolism: Impact on Human Health

El‐Ghiaty, Mahmoud A.; El‐Kadi, Ayman O.S.

doi:10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-051921-020936

Cited by 40 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…Following oral ingestion and absorption, As is predominantly excreted via urine. 48 To assess As oral bioavailability using urine as the endpoint, mouse urine samples were filtered (0.45 μm), diluted using 0.1 M HNO 3 , and measured for As concentrations using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS, NexION300X, Perki-nElmer, US). Arsenic bioavailability was determined by calculating the As urinary excretion factor (UEF,%) (eq 1).…”

Section: ■ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Galactooligosaccharides Supplementation as a Gut Microbiota-Regulating Approach to Lower Early Life Arsenic Exposure

Zhang,

Juhasz,

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Prebiotics may stimulate beneficial gut microorganisms. However, it remains unclear whether they can lower the oral bioavailability of early life arsenic (As) exposure via regulating gut microbiota and altering As biotransformation along the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. In this study, weanling mice were exposed to arsenate (iAs V ) via diet (7.5 μg As g −1 ) amended with fructooligosaccharides (FOS), galactooligosaccharides (GOS), and inulin individually at 1% and 5% (w/w). Compared to As exposure control mice, As concentrations in mouse blood, liver, and kidneys and As urinary excretion factor (UEF) were reduced by 43.7%−74.1% when treated with 5% GOS. The decrease corresponded to a significant proliferation of Akkermansia and Psychrobacter, reduced percentage of inorganic arsenite (iAs III ) and iAs V by 47.4% and 65.4%, and increased proportion of DMA V in intestinal contents by 101% in the guts of mice treated with 5% GOS compared to the As control group. In contrast, FOS and inulin either at l% or 5% did not reduce As concentration in mouse blood, liver, and kidneys or As UEF. These results suggest that GOS supplementation may be a gut microbiota-regulating approach to lower early life As exposure via stimulating the growth of Akkermansia and Psychrobacter and enhancing As methylation in the GI tract.

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Section: ■ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Galactooligosaccharides Supplementation as a Gut Microbiota-Regulating Approach to Lower Early Life Arsenic Exposure

Zhang,

Juhasz,

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Inorganic arsenic is methylated by two distinct enzymatic processes ( 164 ). It has been shown that trivalent inorganic As has an inhibiting influence on the second methylation process that results in the creation of dimethyl As acid ( 165 ). Although one of the detoxication steps for As is methylation, the cellular methyl group intake results in DNA hypomethylation, which alters the gene expression and causes cellular change ( 166 ).…”

Section: Heavy Metals: Their Toxicity Mechanism and Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of important heavy metals toxicity with special emphasis on nephrotoxicity and its management in cattle

Tahir

Alkheraije

2023

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Toxicity with heavy metals has proven to be a significant hazard with several health problems linked to it. Heavy metals bioaccumulate in living organisms, pollute the food chain, and possibly threaten the health of animals. Many industries, fertilizers, traffic, automobile, paint, groundwater, and animal feed are sources of contamination of heavy metals. Few metals, such as aluminum (Al), may be eliminated by the elimination processes, but other metals like lead (Pb), arsenic (As), and cadmium (Ca) accumulate in the body and food chain, leading to chronic toxicity in animals. Even if these metals have no biological purpose, their toxic effects are still present in some form that is damaging to the animal body and its appropriate functioning. Cadmium (Cd) and Pb have negative impacts on a number of physiological and biochemical processes when exposed to sub-lethal doses. The nephrotoxic effects of Pb, As, and Cd are well known, and high amounts of naturally occurring environmental metals as well as occupational populations with high exposures have an adverse relationship between kidney damage and toxic metal exposure. Metal toxicity is determined by the absorbed dosage, the route of exposure, and the duration of exposure, whether acute or chronic. This can lead to numerous disorders and can also result in excessive damage due to oxidative stress generated by free radical production. Heavy metals concentration can be decreased through various procedures including bioremediation, pyrolysis, phytoremediation, rhizofiltration, biochar, and thermal process. This review discusses few heavy metals, their toxicity mechanisms, and their health impacts on cattle with special emphasis on the kidneys.

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“…13,14 After arsenic carried by MPs enters the stomach with food, the adsorption behavior of arsenic on the MPs may also change with the progress of gastric digestion, further increasing the risk of human health. 15,16 Therefore, it is necessary to study the interactions of MPs with common inorganic and organic arsenic species and their accumulation, release, and transformation behaviors in the stomach.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At present, only total or inorganic arsenic [As(V)] has been mentioned in studies of the interaction of MPs with arsenic related to bioavailability . However, due to differences in the accumulation and toxicity of different arsenic species in different ecosystems, it may lead to incorrect assessments of health risks. , In addition, the stomach is the main digestive organ of body and plays an important role in storing, mixing, reducing celiac particles and breaking down ingested food. , After arsenic carried by MPs enters the stomach with food, the adsorption behavior of arsenic on the MPs may also change with the progress of gastric digestion, further increasing the risk of human health. , Therefore, it is necessary to study the interactions of MPs with common inorganic and organic arsenic species and their accumulation, release, and transformation behaviors in the stomach.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Stomach Model–Capillary Electrophoresis–ICPMS for Evaluation of Release and Transformation Behaviors of Arsenic Species from Microplastics during Digestion

Zhang,

Jiang,

Cai

et al. 2024

Anal. Chem.

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Microplastics (MPs) can act as carriers of environmental arsenic species into the stomach with food and release arsenic species during digestion, which threatens human health. Herein, an integrated dynamic stomach model (DSM)-capillary electrophoresis-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (CE-ICPMS) is developed for online monitoring of the release and transformation behaviors of arsenic species loaded on MPs (As-MPs) in the simulated human stomach. The 3D-printed DSM with a soft stomach chamber enables the behaviors of gastric peristalsis, gastric and salivary fluid addition, pH adjustment, and gastric emptying (GE) to be controlled by a self-written program after oral ingestion of food with As-MPs. The gastric extract during digestion is introduced into the spiral channel to remove the large particulate impurity and online filtered to obtain the clarified arsenic-containing solution for subsequent speciation analysis of arsenic by CE-ICPMS. The digestion conditions and pretreatment processes of DSM are tracked and validated, and the release rates of As-MPs digested by DSM are compared with those digested by the static stomach model and DSM without GE. The release rate of inorganic arsenic on MPs is higher than that of organic arsenic throughout the gastric digestion process, and 8% of As(V) is reduced to As(III). The detection limits for As(III), DMA, MMA, and As(V) are 0.5−0.9 μg L −1 using DSM-CE-ICPMS, along with precisions of ≤8%. This present method provides an integrated and convenient tool for evaluating the release and transformation of As-MPs during human gastric digestion and provides a reference for exploring the interactions between MPs and metals/metalloids in the human body.

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The Duality of Arsenic Metabolism: Impact on Human Health

Cited by 40 publications

References 89 publications

Dietary Galactooligosaccharides Supplementation as a Gut Microbiota-Regulating Approach to Lower Early Life Arsenic Exposure

Dietary Galactooligosaccharides Supplementation as a Gut Microbiota-Regulating Approach to Lower Early Life Arsenic Exposure

A review of important heavy metals toxicity with special emphasis on nephrotoxicity and its management in cattle

Dynamic Stomach Model–Capillary Electrophoresis–ICPMS for Evaluation of Release and Transformation Behaviors of Arsenic Species from Microplastics during Digestion

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