The Dynamic Relationship between the Glymphatic System, Aging, Memory, and Sleep

Voumvourakis, Konstantinos; Sideri, Eleni; Papadimitropoulos, G.; Tsantzali, Ioanna; Hewlett, P. S.; Kitsos, Dimitrios; Stefanou, Maria‐Ioanna; Bonakis, Anastasios; Giannopoulos, Sotirios; Tsivgoulis, Giorgios; Paraskevas, George P.

doi:10.3390/biomedicines11082092

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…This process creates a positive feedback loop, leading to impaired clearance of metabolites and the accumulation of cytokines and other mediators of inflammation. Consequently, this exacerbates neuroinflammation and establishes a potential connection between the reactivity of microglia and astrocytes and the progression of neurodegenerative processes [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Chronic Stress on Behavior and Body Mass in New Animal Models

Alexa,

Zamfir,

Bogdănici

et al. 2023

Brain Sciences

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(1) Background: Exposure to different sources of stress can have a significant effect on both psychological and physical processes. (2) Methods: The study took place over a period of 34 days and included a total of 40 animals. Regarding the exposure to chronic stressors, we opted for physiological, non-invasive stressors, e.g., running, swimming, and changes in the intensity of light. An unforeseen stress batch was also created that alternated all these stress factors. The animals were divided into five experimental groups, each consisting of eight individuals. In the context of conducting the open field test for behavioral assessment before and after stress exposure, we aimed to investigate the impact of stress exposure on the affective traits of the animals. We also monitored body mass every two days. (3) Results: The control group exhibited an average increase in weight of approximately 30%. The groups exposed to stress factors showed slower growth rates, the lowest being the running group, recording a rate of 20.55%, and the unpredictable stress group at 24.02%. The anxious behavior intensified in the group with unforeseen stress, in the one with light variations, and in the running group. (4) Conclusions: Our research validates the animal model of intermittent light exposure during the dark phase as a novel method of inducing stress. The modification of some anxiety parameters was observed; they vary according to the type of stress. Body mass was found to increase in all groups, especially in the sedentary groups, likely due to the absence of cognitive, spatial, and social stimuli except for cohabitation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Chronic Stress on Behavior and Body Mass in New Animal Models

Alexa,

Zamfir,

Bogdănici

et al. 2023

Brain Sciences

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“…The glymphatic system’s effectiveness may decline with age, contributing to the increased vulnerability to neurodegenerative diseases. Conditions like Alzheimer’s disease are associated with impaired glymphatic function and the accumulation of protein aggregates [ 69 , 70 ].…”

Section: Glial Cells: the Orchestrators Of Neural Symphonymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep, Glial Function, and the Endocannabinoid System: Implications for Neuroinflammation and Sleep Disorders

Camberos-Barraza,

Camacho-Zamora,

Bátiz-Beltrán

et al. 2024

IJMS

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The relationship between sleep, glial cells, and the endocannabinoid system represents a multifaceted regulatory network with profound implications for neuroinflammation and cognitive function. The molecular underpinnings of sleep modulation by the endocannabinoid system and its influence on glial cell activity are discussed, shedding light on the reciprocal relationships that govern these processes. Emphasis is placed on understanding the role of glial cells in mediating neuroinflammatory responses and their modulation by sleep patterns. Additionally, this review examines how the endocannabinoid system interfaces with glia-immune signaling to regulate inflammatory cascades within the central nervous system. Notably, the cognitive consequences of disrupted sleep, neuroinflammation, and glial dysfunction are addressed, encompassing implications for neurodegenerative disorders, mood disturbances, and cognitive decline. Insights into the bidirectional modulation of cognitive function by the endocannabinoid system in the context of sleep and glial activity are explored, providing a comprehensive perspective on the potential mechanisms underlying cognitive impairments associated with sleep disturbances. Furthermore, this review examines potential therapeutic avenues targeting the endocannabinoid system to mitigate neuroinflammation, restore glial homeostasis, and normalize sleep patterns. The identification of novel therapeutic targets within this intricate regulatory network holds promise for addressing conditions characterized by disrupted sleep, neuroinflammation, and cognitive dysfunction. This work aims to examine the complexities of neural regulation and identify potential avenues for therapeutic intervention.

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“…The brain undergoes many structural changes over the course of aging that, even without age-related disease or neurodegeneration, can result in deteriorating neuronal health and cognitive decline. Some of these behavioral outcomes, like worsening memory, are thought to be associated with poorer sleep quality reported by the aging population ( Voumvourakis et al, 2023 ). As efficient fluid circulation and waste transport are intimately tied to sleep quality, the impact of aging on glymphatic system function is becoming an increasingly important facet of geriatric research ( Iliff et al, 2012 ; Xie et al, 2013 ; Kress et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: The Glymphatic Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Astrocyte regulation of extracellular space parameters across the sleep-wake cycle

Sriram,

Carstens,

Dewing

et al. 2024

Front. Cell. Neurosci.

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Multiple subfields of neuroscience research are beginning to incorporate astrocytes into current frameworks of understanding overall brain physiology, neuronal circuitry, and disease etiology that underlie sleep and sleep-related disorders. Astrocytes have emerged as a dynamic regulator of neuronal activity through control of extracellular space (ECS) volume and composition, both of which can vary dramatically during different levels of sleep and arousal. Astrocytes are also an attractive target of sleep research due to their prominent role in the glymphatic system, a method by which toxic metabolites generated during wakefulness are cleared away. In this review we assess the literature surrounding glial influences on fluctuations in ECS volume and composition across the sleep-wake cycle. We also examine mechanisms of astrocyte volume regulation in glymphatic solute clearance and their role in sleep and wake states. Overall, findings highlight the importance of astrocytes in sleep and sleep research.

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The Dynamic Relationship between the Glymphatic System, Aging, Memory, and Sleep

Cited by 13 publications

References 87 publications

The Impact of Chronic Stress on Behavior and Body Mass in New Animal Models

The Impact of Chronic Stress on Behavior and Body Mass in New Animal Models

Sleep, Glial Function, and the Endocannabinoid System: Implications for Neuroinflammation and Sleep Disorders

Astrocyte regulation of extracellular space parameters across the sleep-wake cycle

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