The dynamic response and shock-recovery of porcine skeletal muscle tissue

On the behaviour of porcine skeletal muscle tissue under shock compression

“…4. Notably, the tissue possesses a comparable linear relationship (U s ¼ 1.72 þ 1.88u p ) to those established for rendered porcine fat [10] and water [25] elsewhere (U s ¼ 1.58 þ 2.47u p and U s ¼ 1.45 þ 1.99u p , respectively). The data corresponding to the middle-white tissue lies closely on this Hugoniot, suggesting no significant difference between the responses of the two materials, despite possible differences in their treatment (inclusion of additives, ageing, etc.).…”

“…Wilgeroth et al [30] investigated the effect of planar shock waves upon the structure of skeletal muscle tissue using a novel soft capture system in conjunction with the plate-impact technique. TEM (transmission electron microscope) micrographs of both shocked and virgin muscle tissue (of the commercial type examined in this work) were presented, highlighting the nature of the structural alterations imparted to the material by the shock.…”

“…For muscle, this was performed using the linear EoS values obtained for the commercial tissue (U s ¼ 1.72 þ 1.88u p ). Both the measured response of a rendered porcine fat [10] and an exponential trend-line, which has been plotted through the measured data points for the commercial muscle tissue alone, have been included in the Hugoniot. The response of the muscle tissues is clearly dissimilar to that of the previously investigated porcine fat.…”

“…However, plate-impact methods [6,7] have allowed for characterisation of the high strain-rate and shock response of a selection of soft materials, e.g., 20 wt. % ballistic gelatin [8], ballistic soap [9], and rendered porcine fat [10]. Both ballistic soap and rendered porcine fat have shown evidence of increased resistance to compression with shock pressure (up to 3 and 4 GPa, respectively).…”

The effect of hydrostatic vs. shock pressure treatment of plant seeds

“…For dynamic experiments, plant seeds were shock loaded using the plate impact technique and a 50 mm bore, 5 m barrel single stage gas gun. Samples were held in a gelatine support medium (Cooking gelatine, Dr Oetker UK Ltd.), set inside an Al shock-recovery capsule (see figure 1), which has been employed previously to study the shock response of porcine muscle tissue [8] and to test the survivability of plant seeds to shock loading [6]. Dynamic experiments saw projectiles (5 mm thick Al flyer plates) accelerated to velocities of 200 -400 ms −1 , corresponding to peak sample pressures of 0.3 -0.9 GPa.…”