The Earth System Grid: Supporting the Next Generation of Climate Modeling Research

Bernholdt, David E.; Bharathi, S.; Brown, D. I.; Chanchio, Kasidit; Chen, M.; Chervenak, Ann; Cinquini, L.; Drach, Bob; Foster, Ian; Fox, Peter; García, José María; Kesselman, Carl; Markel, R.; Middleton, Don; Nefedova, Veronika; Pouchard, Line; Shoshani, Arie; Sim, Alex; Strand, Gary; Williams, D. N.

doi:10.1109/jproc.2004.842745

Cited by 141 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Model results from C-LAMP are publicly available through the Earth System Grid Center for Enabling Technologies (ESG-CET; Ananthakrishnan et al, 2007) under the same terms as the database of physical climate model output used in the IPCC AR4 (Meehl et al, 2007). The Earth System Grid (ESG; http:/ /www.earthsystemgrid.org/) is a distributed system that allows registered users to download model output, code, and ancillary data over the Internet (Bernholdt et al, 2005). A new ESG node has been deployed at ORNL to support C-LAMP.…”

Section: Model Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic assessment of terrestrial biogeochemistry in coupled climate–carbon models

Randerson

Hoffman

Thornton

et al. 2009

Global Change Biology

349

300

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With representation of the global carbon cycle becoming increasingly complex in climate models, it is important to develop ways to quantitatively evaluate model performance against in situ and remote sensing observations. Here we present a systematic framework, the Carbon‐LAnd Model Intercomparison Project (C‐LAMP), for assessing terrestrial biogeochemistry models coupled to climate models using observations that span a wide range of temporal and spatial scales. As an example of the value of such comparisons, we used this framework to evaluate two biogeochemistry models that are integrated within the Community Climate System Model (CCSM) – Carnegie‐Ames‐Stanford Approach′ (CASA′) and carbon–nitrogen (CN). Both models underestimated the magnitude of net carbon uptake during the growing season in temperate and boreal forest ecosystems, based on comparison with atmospheric CO2 measurements and eddy covariance measurements of net ecosystem exchange. Comparison with MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) measurements show that this low bias in model fluxes was caused, at least in part, by 1–3 month delays in the timing of maximum leaf area. In the tropics, the models overestimated carbon storage in woody biomass based on comparison with datasets from the Amazon. Reducing this model bias will probably weaken the sensitivity of terrestrial carbon fluxes to both atmospheric CO2 and climate. Global carbon sinks during the 1990s differed by a factor of two (2.4 Pg C yr−1 for CASA′ vs. 1.2 Pg C yr−1 for CN), with fluxes from both models compatible with the atmospheric budget given uncertainties in other terms. The models captured some of the timing of interannual global terrestrial carbon exchange during 1988–2004 based on comparison with atmospheric inversion results from TRANSCOM (r=0.66 for CASA′ and r=0.73 for CN). Adding (CASA′) or improving (CN) the representation of deforestation fires may further increase agreement with the atmospheric record. Information from C‐LAMP has enhanced model performance within CCSM and serves as a benchmark for future development. We propose that an open source, community‐wide platform for model‐data intercomparison is needed to speed model development and to strengthen ties between modeling and measurement communities. Important next steps include the design and analysis of land use change simulations (in both uncoupled and coupled modes), and the entrainment of additional ecological and earth system observations. Model results from C‐LAMP are publicly available on the Earth System Grid.

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Section: Model Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic assessment of terrestrial biogeochemistry in coupled climate–carbon models

Randerson

Hoffman

Thornton

et al. 2009

Global Change Biology

349

300

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“…The principles discussed by Tett et al (2006) and Bernholdt et al (2005) for creating usable and acceptable systems were shared by the EuroClim project team. This was seen as important if the system being developed was to be successful with the potential user community.…”

Section: Fig 1 Euroclim Monitoring Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bernholdt et al (2005) commented that while data from climate model simulations are of great interest to researchers, policy makers, educators, and others, they require considerable knowledge of all the services and resources necessary to make use of the data. They need to know how to access the relevant system account, how the archiving system is organised, how to use metadata for searching, the analysis software for extracting specific subsets, and so on.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An analysis of specialist and non-specialist user requirements for geographic climate change information

Maguire

2013

Applied Ergonomics

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Citation: MAGUIRE, M., 2013. An analysis of specialist and non-specialist user requirements for geographic climate change information. Applied Ergonomics, 44 (6), pp. 874 885. This item was submitted to Loughborough's Institutional Repository (https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/) by the author and is made available under the following Creative Commons Licence conditions.For the full text of this licence, please go to: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ 1 An analysis of specialist and non-specialist user requirements for geographic climate change information Martin C. Maguire Loughborough Design School, Loughborough University, Ashby Road, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK m.c.maguire@lboro.ac.uk ABSTRACTThe EU EuroClim project developed a system to monitor and record climate change indicator data based on satellite observations of snow cover, sea ice and glaciers in Northern Europe and the Arctic. It also contained projection data for temperature, rainfall and average wind speed for Europe. These were all stored as data sets in a GIS database for users to download. The process of gathering requirements for a user population including scientists, researchers, policy makers, educationalists and the general public is described. Using an iterative design methodology, a user survey was administered to obtain initial feedback on the system concept followed by panel sessions where users were presented with the system concept and a demonstrator to interact with it. The requirements of both specialist and nonspecialist users is summarised together with strategies for the effective communication of geographic climate change information.Keywords: climate change; geographic information; graphical representation; user needs IntroductionClimate change can affect the living conditions of people worldwide. Dramatic changes may occur with the weather becoming more extreme, along with greater frequency of flooding, droughts and hurricanes. It is not known whether northern Europe will experience regional cooling or warming in a future warmer world. A report by the UK Climate Impacts Programme (Chapman, 2002) states that summer temperatures in the UK, for instance, could regularly reach 40°C (104°F) by the year 2080 as global warming appears to gather pace. Prince Charles called climate change the "greatest challenge to face man" (Mukherjee, 2005) while it is also observed that sea-ice is retreating dramatically in the autumn as well as the summer months (Amos, 2013). The potential effects of climate change are brought home by powerful images of sea level rise, coastal erosion, drought, displacement of people and changes in the habitat of wildlife. These developments are documented officially by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (http://www.ipcc.ch).To support climate change research, there is a need for current data from the environment. Satellite monitoring of climate change indicators such as sea ice, snow and glaciers in Northern Europe and the Arctic is one source. This paper presents the results of...

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“…PURSE was initially developed for the Earth System Grid (ESG) [8], a U.S. Department of Energy project to provide online access to climate data. We describe here the ESG production deployment as an example of how the registration system can be used.…”

Section: Earth System Gridmentioning

confidence: 99%

Streamlining Grid Operations: Definition and Deployment of a Portal-based User Registration Service

et al. 2006

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Manual management of public key credentials can be a significant and often off-putting obstacle to Grid use, particularly for casual users. We describe the Portal-based User Registration Service (PURSE), a set of tools for automating user registration, credential creation, and credential management tasks. PURSE provides the system developer with a set of customizable components, suitable for integration with portals, that can be used to address the full lifecycle of Grid credential management. We describe the PURSE design and its use in portals for two systems, the Earth System Grid data access system and the Swegrid computational Grid. In both cases, the user is entirely freed from the need to create or manage public key credentials, thus simplifying the Grid experience and reducing opportunities for error. We argue that this capturing of common use cases in a reusable "solution" can be a model for how Grid ease-of-use can be addressed in other domains as well.

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The Earth System Grid: Supporting the Next Generation of Climate Modeling Research

Cited by 141 publications

References 17 publications

Systematic assessment of terrestrial biogeochemistry in coupled climate–carbon models

Systematic assessment of terrestrial biogeochemistry in coupled climate–carbon models

An analysis of specialist and non-specialist user requirements for geographic climate change information

Streamlining Grid Operations: Definition and Deployment of a Portal-based User Registration Service

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