“…See, for example, the speech by José Manuel González-Páramo on "Financial market failures and public policies: A central banker's perspective on the global financial crisis", January 2009.3 As argued inBerger, Harjes, and Stavrev (2008), the ECB's two pillar approach (which includes a monetary pillar which gives high prominence to monetary aggregates in determining the appropriate policy stance) may have made communication more challenging Bulíř, Čihák, and Šmídková (2008). arrive at a similar conclusion.4 For a description of the ECB's enhanced credit support, see in particular the speech by Jean-Claude Trichet, President of the ECB, at the University of Munich on July 13, 2009, and "Governing Council decisions on nonstandard measures," ECB Monthly Bulletin, June 2009, pp.…”