“…In the likely case of new outbreaks of old and new transmissible diseases, this resilience-enhancing strategy would reduce the need for extraordinary measures such as lockdowns and restrictions on personal mobility and social interactions. While these measures were necessary to bring the contagion rates under control and avoid further economic disruption ( Aum, Lee, Shin, 2021 , Kochańczyk, Lipniacki, 2021 ), they have high social and economic costs ( Gharehgozli, Nayebvali, Gharehgozli, Zamanian, 2020 , Louhichi, Ftiti, Ameur, 2021 , Mahmud, Riley, 2021 , Mandel, Veetil, 2020 , Martin, Markhvida, Hallegatte, Walsh, 2020 , Tisdell, 2020 ).…”