The Efect of Salinity and Temperature on Marine and Other Fungi from Various Climates

Ritchie, Don

doi:10.2307/2482641

Cited by 30 publications

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“…Salinity optima were not temperature-dependent. This finding corroborates that of Vishniac (1960) with Thrcuetochutrium globosum and differs from that of Ritchie (1957;1959) Nitrogen requirements-Since 0.01% nitrogen in the form of glutamate gave optimal yields, the same level was used in the survey. Although all nitrogen atoms within a given compound are not equally available, this procedure provided a standard for making comparisons.…”

Section: Development On Nutrient Media-in Contrast Tosupporting

confidence: 87%

Development and Nutrition of New Species of Thraustochytrium

Goldstein

1963

American J of Botany

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Goldstein, Solomon. (Brooklyn Coll., Brooklyn, N.Y.) Development and nutrition of new species of Thraustochytrium. Amer. Jcur. Bot. 50(3): 271‐279. Illus. 1963.—The life cycles of 2 lower Phycomycetes in sea‐water‐pollen culture are described and compared with variations observed in nutrient media. Some ecological implications are discussed. Both fungi are obligately marine and stenohaline. Maximal growth occurred with 2.5 and 3.0% NaCl not replaceable by KCl. However, omission of KCL from media resulted in reduced yields. Salinity optima were not temperature‐dependent and the organisms grew best at 12–25 C. Neither organism assimilated nitrogen in the form of KN03 or (NH4)2SO4. Optimal harvests were obtained with glutamate as the source of nitrogen and with carbon supplied as glucose, maltose, soluble starch, or cellobiose.

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Section: Development On Nutrient Media-in Contrast Tosupporting

confidence: 87%

Development and Nutrition of New Species of Thraustochytrium

Goldstein

1963

American J of Botany

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“…Within wellmixed waters, elevated vertical salinity gradients can develop within a few hours and can also vanish within a short time due to tidal currents passing between the barrier islands (Vinogradov et al 2004). Marine fungi can differ widely in their optimal growth conditions relative to temperature and salinity, but they are also considered to be highly adaptable to changing conditions (Ritchie 1959). This may explain why a statistical difference was found in overall temporal variation of the fungal biofilm community, but no significant effect of temperature or salinity alone was detected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal diversity of marine biofilms on artificial reefs in the north-central Gulf of Mexico

2016

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Abstract:We present the first characterization of fungal community diversity of natural mixed-species biofilms on artificial marine reefs. Four artificial reefs in the Mississippi (MS) Sound, USA, representing low-profile (underwater) and high-profile (periodically air-exposed) conditions were sampled every 3 months over a 23-month period to investigate changes in fungal diversity within reef biofilms. Fungal presence was assessed via PCR amplification of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of fungal ribosomal DNA, and by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis of fungal ITS regions -the latter being used to track variation in fungal community structure with respect to season, location, and reef profile type. Fungal communities were also characterized taxonomically through both morphological identification and phylogenetic comparisons of ITS gene sequences, with 36 fungal genera cultured from reef biofilms. Using a multivariate statistical approach, significant temporal and spatial differences in fungal biofilm communities were detected. High-profile reefs differed significantly in biofilm fungal community composition across the 10 sampling periods. This assessment of marine fungal biofilm communities over time provides novel insights into the fungal diversity present on artificial reefs in an understudied region, the north-central Gulf of Mexico.

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“…The results of our study verify this statement, in that given a sufficient inoculum, 100% infectivity could be achieved at 0.5 ppt NaCl; however, the fungus should not have been able to produce zoospores and infect mosquito larvae in water containing 7.2 ppt NaCI. Ritchie (1959) studied the effects of salinity on marine and other fungi and concluded that, in general, the laboratory responses of fungi were correlated with their fitness for their natural habitats. Thus, the inability of L. giganteum to infect mosquito larvae under most saline conditions in the laboratory is understandable, since the fungus has only been isolated from freshwater habitats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salinity Tolerance of Two Isolates of Lagenidium Giganteum (Oomycetes: Lagenidiales), a Fungal Pathogen of Mosquito Larvae1

Merriam¹,

Axtell

1982

Journal of Medical Entomology

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Laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the salinity range over which North Carolina (NC) and Louisiana (LA) isolates of the fungus Lagenidium giganteum (Couch) grow vegetatively and infect mosquito larvae. The mycelial growth rates of the 2 isolates on nutrient agar were increased with 2.5 and 5.0 parts per thousand (ppt) of NaCI added and reduced with 7.5 ppt or more NaCI. The LA and NC isolates did not grow on agar containing 20 and 30 ppt NaCI, respectively. The concentrations of NaCI for 50% inhibition (ICso) of mycelial growth of the LA and NC isolates (10.9 and 12.0 ppt, respectively) were not significantly different (P > 0.05). The ability of the 2 isolates of L. giganteum to infect larvae of Aedes taeniorhynchus decreased as salinity of the water increased. The ICso values for the inhibition of infection in mosquito larvae by the LA and NC isolates (0.52 and 0.55 ppt NaCI, respectively) were not significantly different (P > 0.05). Microscopic examination of the fungus in saline and distilled water showed that NaCI inhibited the production of zoospores. In water containing 1.5 ppt NaCI there was complete inhibition of zoosporogenesis and mosquito infection in each isolate of L. giganteum. Zoosporogenesis was ca. 22 times more sensitive to salinity than was mycelial growth. ,

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The Efect of Salinity and Temperature on Marine and Other Fungi from Various Climates

Cited by 30 publications

References 0 publications

Development and Nutrition of New Species of Thraustochytrium

Development and Nutrition of New Species of Thraustochytrium

Fungal diversity of marine biofilms on artificial reefs in the north-central Gulf of Mexico

Salinity Tolerance of Two Isolates of Lagenidium Giganteum (Oomycetes: Lagenidiales), a Fungal Pathogen of Mosquito Larvae1

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