The effect of a mentally fatiguing task on postural balance control in young and older women

Morris, Amanda; Christie, Anita

doi:10.1016/j.exger.2020.110840

Cited by 19 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Two studies investigated the effect of mental fatigue on steady-state balance in young adults (Deschamps et al, 2013; Fletcher & Osler, 2021). The effect of mental fatigue on proactive (Gebel et al, 2022; Tassignon et al, 2020; Verschueren et al, 2020) and reactive balance control (Lew & Qu, 2014; Morris & Christie, 2020; Qu et al, 2020) in the same population was investigated in three studies each. One study included both steady-state and proactive balance tasks in young adults (Hachard et al, 2020).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One study included both steady-state and proactive balance tasks in young adults (Hachard et al, 2020). In older adults, the effect of mental fatigue on steady state (Boolani et al, 2020; Fletcher & Osler, 2021) and reactive balance control tasks (Morris & Christie, 2020; Varas-Diaz et al, 2020) were investigated in two studies each. The effect of mental fatigue on proactive balance in older adults was investigated in one study (Nikooharf Salehi et al, 2022).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Age and type of task-based impact of mental fatigue on balance: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Salihu,

Hill,

Jaberzadeh

2023

Preprint

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The role of cognition in balance control suggests that mental fatigue may negatively affect balance. However, cognitive involvement in balance control varies with the type or difficulty of the balance task and age. Steady-state balance tasks, such as quiet standing, are well learned tasks executed automatically through reflex activities controlled by the brainstem and spinal cord. In contrast, novel, and challenging balance tasks, such as proactively controlling balance while walking over rugged terrain or reacting to unexpected external perturbations, may require cognitive processing. Furthermore, individuals with pre-existing balance impairments due to aging or pathology may rely on cognitive processes to control balance in most circumstances. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the effect of mental fatigue on different types of balance control tasks in young and older adults. A literature search was conducted in seven electronic databases and 12 studies met eligibility criteria. The results indicated that mental fatigue had a negative impact on both proactive (under increased cognitive load) and reactive balance in young adults. In older adults, mental fatigue affected steady-state and proactive balance. Therefore, mentally fatigued older individuals may be at increased risk of a loss of balance during steady-state balance task compared to their younger counterparts.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age and type of task-based impact of mental fatigue on balance: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Salihu,

Hill,

Jaberzadeh

2023

Preprint

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“…At first glance, these results seem to be contradicting previously reported findings. Morris and Christie (2020) , for instance, found increased sway velocity during a bipedal reactive balance task in young women after performing a psychomotor vigilance task for 20 min. Similarly, Deschamps et al (2013) showed significantly increased body sway during bipedal stance on a foam surface after inducing MF.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only few studies have examined the effects of MF on balance performance ( Deschamps et al, 2013 ; Lew and Qu, 2014 ; Hachard et al, 2020 ; Morris and Christie, 2020 ; Verschueren et al, 2020 ). For instance, Deschamps et al (2013) investigated the impact of a psychomotor vigilance test on static balance in healthy male students aged 22 years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Physical and Mental Fatigue on Postural Sway and Cortical Activity in Healthy Young Adults

Gebel

Busch

Stelzel³

et al. 2022

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Physical fatigue (PF) negatively affects postural control, resulting in impaired balance performance in young and older adults. Similar effects on postural control can be observed for mental fatigue (MF) mainly in older adults. Controversial results exist for young adults. There is a void in the literature on the effects of fatigue on balance and cortical activity. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the acute effects of PF and MF on postural sway and cortical activity. Fifteen healthy young adults aged 28 ± 3 years participated in this study. MF and PF protocols comprising of an all-out repeated sit-to-stand task and a computer-based attention network test, respectively, were applied in random order. Pre and post fatigue, cortical activity and postural sway (i.e., center of pressure displacements [CoPd], velocity [CoPv], and CoP variability [CV CoPd, CV CoPv]) were tested during a challenging bipedal balance board task. Absolute spectral power was calculated for theta (4–7.5 Hz), alpha-2 (10.5–12.5 Hz), beta-1 (13–18 Hz), and beta-2 (18.5–25 Hz) in frontal, central, and parietal regions of interest (ROI) and baseline-normalized. Inference statistics revealed a significant time-by-fatigue interaction for CoPd (p = 0.009, d = 0.39, Δ 9.2%) and CoPv (p = 0.009, d = 0.36, Δ 9.2%), and a significant main effect of time for CoP variability (CV CoPd: p = 0.001, d = 0.84; CV CoPv: p = 0.05, d = 0.62). Post hoc analyses showed a significant increase in CoPd (p = 0.002, d = 1.03) and CoPv (p = 0.003, d = 1.03) following PF but not MF. For cortical activity, a significant time-by-fatigue interaction was found for relative alpha-2 power in parietal (p < 0.001, d = 0.06) areas. Post hoc tests indicated larger alpha-2 power increases after PF (p < 0.001, d = 1.69, Δ 3.9%) compared to MF (p = 0.001, d = 1.03, Δ 2.5%). In addition, changes in parietal alpha-2 power and measures of postural sway did not correlate significantly, irrespective of the applied fatigue protocol. No significant changes were found for the other frequency bands, irrespective of the fatigue protocol and ROI under investigation. Thus, the applied PF protocol resulted in increased postural sway (CoPd and CoPv) and CoP variability accompanied by enhanced alpha-2 power in the parietal ROI while MF led to increased CoP variability and alpha-2 power in our sample of young adults. Potential underlying cortical mechanisms responsible for the greater increase in parietal alpha-2 power after PF were discussed but could not be clearly identified as cause. Therefore, further future research is needed to decipher alternative interpretations.

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“…Among the 56 studies that used a sequential task protocol with a long depleting task, only 10 reported a time-on-task effect on the performance of the depleting task (see the systematic review on this point reported in the Supplementary Section 8 ). Among these 10 studies, 8 observed a time-on-task effect and a sequential task effect in the same experiment, but none of them examined the correlation between these two effects ( Marcora et al, 2009 ; Smith et al, 2015 ; Veness et al, 2017 ; Brown and Bray, 2019 ; Van Cutsem et al, 2019 ; Hachard et al, 2020 ; Morris and Christie, 2020 ; Weerakkody et al, 2021 ), probably because of a small sample size. The principal aim of the present experiment is then to highlight a positive correlation between the time-on-task effect and the sequential task effect but with a larger sample size than previous studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A plausible link between the time-on-task effect and the sequential task effect

et al. 2022

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Mental fatigue can be studied by using either the time-on-task protocol or the sequential task protocol. In the time-on-task protocol, participants perform a long and effortful task and a decrease in performance in this task is generally observed over time. In the sequential task protocol, a first effortful or control task is followed by a second effortful task. The performance in the second task is generally worse after the effortful task than after the control task. The principal aim of the present experiment is to examine the relationship between these two decrements in performance while concomitantly using a sequential task protocol and assessing the performance of the first effortful task as a function of time-on-task. We expect a positive correlation between these two decrements in performance. A total of 83 participants performed a 30-min fatiguing mental task (i.e., a modified Stroop task) or a control task followed by a time-to-exhaustion handgrip task. As expected, this protocol combining the time-on-task and sequential task protocols allowed us to observe (1) a decrease in performance over time during the Stroop task, (2) a worst performance in the handgrip task after the Stroop task by comparison to the control task, (3) a positive correlation between these two effects. The decrease in performance during the Stroop task also correlated with the subjective measures of boredom and fatigue, whereas the detrimental effect observed in the handgrip task did not. Our findings suggest that the two fatigue-related phenomena share a common mechanism but are not completely equivalent.

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The effect of a mentally fatiguing task on postural balance control in young and older women

Cited by 19 publications

References 39 publications

Age and type of task-based impact of mental fatigue on balance: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Age and type of task-based impact of mental fatigue on balance: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Effects of Physical and Mental Fatigue on Postural Sway and Cortical Activity in Healthy Young Adults

A plausible link between the time-on-task effect and the sequential task effect

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