The Effect of a Primary Care Intervention on Management of Patients with Diabetes and Hypertension: A Pre-Post Intervention Chart Audit

Nutrition and health education intervention for student volunteers: topic-wise assessment of impact using a non-parametric test

“…One reason for this could be that the average score at baseline on these questions was already high, which some studies have attributed to other factors such as previous health education in their curriculum, earlier exposure to various media and the influence of parents, teachers and peer groups (12,22) . Earlier studies indicated that in before-after designs where there is no control group available, the McNemar test makes it possible to determine whether there is a significant difference between the pre-and post-test scores after an intervention by using each subject as his or her own control (18,23,24) . In the Indian context, Malhotra et al used McNemar's test to evaluate their health education intervention among a group of food handlers (with no control group) and found this non-parametric approach useful in identifying the knowledge, attitudes and practices in which their intervention could bring about improvement (25) .…”

Nursing Within Primary Care Settings in Atlantic Canada: A Scoping Review

“…Data extraction was guided by available JBI data extraction forms. Included literature (Table 2) consisted of 11 primary research studies (Barrett et al, 2011;Chambers, BruceLockhart, Black, Sampson, & Burke, 1977;Chambers & West, 1978;Goss Gilroy Inc, 2001;Graham, Sketris, Burge, & Edwards, 2006;Lawson, Dicks, Macdonald, & Burge, 2012; Martin-Misener, Downe-Wamboldt, Cain, & Girouard, Mixed methods-survey, key informant interviews, and collection of service, workload, and activity data over a 1-week reference period Key findings/observations NP role accepted, but not clearly understood by public or other health professionals. NPs worked collaboratively with other professionals.…”

“…In Atlantic Canada, PC settings that incorporate nurses have resulted in better (Chambers et al, 1977;Chambers & West, 1978;Graham et al, 2006;Jones, 2015;Lawson et al, 2012) or equal (Barrett et al, 2011;Chambers & West, 1978;Labrosse, 2016;Lawson et al, 2012) patient health outcomes when compared with settings that do not include nurses. In particular, many clinical outcome measures for patients with chronic diseases were improved (Barrett et al, 2011;Graham et al, 2006;Jones, 2015;Lawson et al, 2012) or unchanged (Barrett et al, 2011) with the addition of nurses when compared with usual care. Notably, patients with chronic diseases had increased odds of having satisfactory blood pressure (Graham et al, 2006;Lawson et al, 2012) and hemoglobin A1C levels (Lawson et al, 2012); receiving certain recommended medications (Barrett et al, 2011); and participating in many recommended screening and monitoring practices (Graham et al, 2006;Lawson et al, 2012) when nurses were added to models of care.…”

“…In particular, many clinical outcome measures for patients with chronic diseases were improved (Barrett et al, 2011;Graham et al, 2006;Jones, 2015;Lawson et al, 2012) or unchanged (Barrett et al, 2011) with the addition of nurses when compared with usual care. Notably, patients with chronic diseases had increased odds of having satisfactory blood pressure (Graham et al, 2006;Lawson et al, 2012) and hemoglobin A1C levels (Lawson et al, 2012); receiving certain recommended medications (Barrett et al, 2011); and participating in many recommended screening and monitoring practices (Graham et al, 2006;Lawson et al, 2012) when nurses were added to models of care. Nurses in PC settings are also associated with improved access to health services, as evidenced by increased PC visits (Chambers et al, 1977), decreased hospital or emergency department visits (Chambers et al, 1977;Martin-Misener et al, 2009), shorter wait times (Labrosse, 2016;Magee et al, 2011), and greater frequencies of recommended screening and monitoring practices (Graham et al, 2006;Lawson et al, 2012).…”

Poor Nutritional Habits: A Modifiable Predecessor of Chronic Illness? A North Carolina Family Medicine Research Network (NC-FM-RN) Study

“…12 Primary care settings have great potential as sites for lifestyle-related chronic disease prevention and management. [13][14][15] Developing successful assessment methods and management approaches to address nutrition-related disease in these settings is, therefore, a high priority. 16 To develop such interventions, primary care physicians need to understand the factors that influence the dietary habits of their patients and how these factors vary across patient populations.…”