The Effect of Acute Taurine Ingestion on Human Maximal Voluntary Muscle Contraction

Lim, Zi Xiang; Singh, Anish; Leow, Zac; Arthur, Peter G.; Fournier, Paul A.

doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000001432

Cited by 8 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Lim et al [36] showed that in people who do not normally consume caffeine, taurine ingestion is detrimental to maximal voluntary muscle power and both maximal isometric and isokinetic peak torque, whereas taurine ingestion in caffeine-deprived caffeine consumers improves maximal voluntary muscle power but has no effect on other aspects of contractile performance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Effects of an “Energy Drink” on Short-Term Maximal Performance, Reaction Times, Psychological and Physiological Parameters: Insights from a Randomized Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Counterbalanced Crossover Trial

et al. 2019

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The current study examined the relationships between the effects of consuming a caffeine-containing “energy drink” upon (i) short-term maximal performance, (ii) reaction times, and (iii) psychological factors (i.e., mood state, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), and affective load) and on physiological parameters (i.e., blood pressure and blood glucose). A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, counterbalanced crossover design was implemented in this study. Nineteen male physical-education students (age: 21.2 ± 1.2 years; height: 1.76 ± 0.08 m; body-mass: 76.6 ± 12.6 kg) performed two test sessions: after drinking the “Red Bull’ beverage (RB) and after drinking a placebo (PL). One hour after ingestion of each drink, resting blood glucose and blood pressure were measured and the participants completed the Profile of Mood States questionnaire. Then, after a 5-min warm-up, simple visual reaction time and handgrip force were measured, and the 30-s Wingate test was performed. Immediately after these tests, the RPE, blood glucose, and blood pressure were measured, and the affective load was calculated. Differences between treatments were assessed using two-way repeated measures analyses of variance and paired t-tests, as appropriate. Relationships between the test variables were assessed using Bland–Altman correlations. Significant (i) improvements in peak and mean power output, handgrip force, pre- and post-exercise blood glucose, blood pressure, and vigor and (ii) reductions in reaction times, depression, confusion, fatigue, anger, anxiety, RPE, and affective load scores were observed after RB compared to PL. There were significant correlations of (i) physical performances and reaction times with (ii) RPE, affective load, and pre- and post-exercise blood glucose levels. Gains in peak and mean power were significantly correlated with reductions in fatigue, anxiety (peak power only), and anger (mean power only). The reduction of reaction times was significantly correlated with decreases in confusion and anger and with increases in vigor. Handgrip force and reaction times were significantly correlated with pre- and post-exercise blood pressures. We conclude that RB ingestion has a positive effect on physical performance and reaction times. This effect is related to ergogenic responses in both psychological (i.e., RPE, affective load, and mood state) and physiological (i.e., blood glucose and blood pressure) domains.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Effects of an “Energy Drink” on Short-Term Maximal Performance, Reaction Times, Psychological and Physiological Parameters: Insights from a Randomized Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Counterbalanced Crossover Trial

et al. 2019

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“…As reported with the above-mentioned acute dietary supplements, taurine supplementation could theoretically alter components of the power-time relationship. For example, aerobically biased (endurance) exercise has typically been improved following taurine supplementation (see Waldron et al 2018a;Souza et al 2017 for reviews) and effects on skeletal muscle function have been reported (Dutka et al 2014;Lim et al 2018), which might collectively explain the improved exercise efficiency following oral administration (Paulucio et al 2017). These mechanistic actions relate to the factors ascribed to govern the balance of CP and W′, which include a loss of muscle efficiency, characterised by distinct metabolic (Jones et al 2008;Vanhatalo et al 2016) and neuromuscular (Burnley et al 2012) profiles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral taurine improves critical power and severe-intensity exercise tolerance

Waldron

Patterson²,

Jeffries

2019

Amino Acids

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This study investigated the effects of acute oral taurine ingestion on: (1) the power-time relationship using the 3-min all-out test (3MAOT); (2) time to exhaustion (TTE) 5% > critical power (CP) and (3) the estimated time to complete (T lim ) a range of fixed target intensities. Twelve males completed a baseline 3MAOT test on a cycle ergometer. Following this, a doubleblind, randomised cross-over design was followed, where participants were allocated to one of four conditions, separated by 72 h: TTE + taurine; TTE + placebo; 3MAOT + taurine; 3MAOT + placebo. Taurine was provided at 50 mg kg −1 , whilst the placebo was 3 mg kg −1 maltodextrin. CP was higher (P < 0.05) in taurine (212 ± 36 W) than baseline (197 ± 40 W) and placebo (193 ± 35 W). Work end power was not affected by supplement (P > 0.05), yet TTE 5% > CP increased (P < 0.05) by 1.7 min after taurine (17.7 min) compared to placebo (16.0 min) and there were higher (P < 0.001) estimated T lim across all work targets. Acute supplementation of 50 mg kg −1 of taurine improved CP and estimated performance at a range of severe work intensities. Oral taurine can be taken prior to exercise to enhance endurance performance.

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“…Among the 19 studies included in this review, sex and athlete type were inextricable variables. Seven of the 19 studies examined athletes [ 2 , 3 , 14 , 41 , 63 , 78 , 81 ]. One study examined soldiers [ 35 ].…”

Section: Results – Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Eleven of the studies examined aerobic parameters [ 2 , 3 , 14 , 23 , 35 , 40 , 45 , 51 , 63 , 81 , 91 ]. Eight of the studies examined anaerobic measures or recovery [ 12 , 41 , 44 , 55 , 56 , 78 , 79 , 83 ]. Two of the 19 studies examined VO 2 max outcomes in male athletes [ 81 , 91 ] and two of 19 studies examined women [ 23 , 78 ].…”

Section: Results – Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taurine in sports and exercise

Kurtz

VanDusseldorp

Doyle

et al. 2021

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

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Background Taurine has become a popular supplement among athletes attempting to improve performance. While the effectiveness of taurine as an ergogenic aid remains controversial, this paper summarizes the current evidence regarding the efficacy of taurine in aerobic and anaerobic performance, metabolic stress, muscle soreness, and recovery. Methods Google Scholar, Web of Science, and MedLine (PubMed) searches were conducted through September 2020. Peer-reviewed studies that investigated taurine as a single ingredient at dosages of < 1 g - 6 g, ranging from 10 to 15 min-to-2 h prior to exercise bout or chronic dose (7 days- 8 weeks) of consumption were included. Articles were excluded if taurine was not the primary or only ingredient in a supplement or food source, not published in peer-reviewed journals, if participants were older than 50 years, articles published before 1999, animal studies, or included participants with health issues. A total of 19 studies met the inclusion criteria for the review. Results Key results include improvements in the following: VO2max, time to exhaustion (TTE; n = 5 articles), 3 or 4 km time-trial (n = 2 articles), anaerobic performance (n = 7 articles), muscle damage (n = 3 articles), peak power (n = 2 articles), recovery (n = 1 article). Taurine also caused a change in metabolites: decrease in lactate, creatine kinase, phosphorus, inflammatory markers, and improved glycolytic/fat oxidation markers (n = 5 articles). Taurine dosing appears to be effective at ~ 1–3 g/day acutely across a span of 6–15 days (1–3 h before an activity) which may improve aerobic performance (TTE), anaerobic performance (strength, power), recovery (DOMS), and a decrease in metabolic markers (creatine kinase, lactate, inorganic phosphate). Conclusions Limited and varied findings prohibit definitive conclusions regarding the efficacy of taurine on aerobic and anaerobic performance and metabolic outcomes. There are mixed findings for the effect of taurine consumption on improving recovery from training bouts and/or mitigating muscle damage. The timing of taurine ingestion as well as the type of exercise protocol performed may contribute to the effectiveness of taurine as an ergogenic aid. More investigations are needed to better understand the potential effects of taurine supplementation on aerobic and anaerobic performance, muscle damage, metabolic stress, and recovery.

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The Effect of Acute Taurine Ingestion on Human Maximal Voluntary Muscle Contraction

Cited by 8 publications

References 40 publications

Acute Effects of an “Energy Drink” on Short-Term Maximal Performance, Reaction Times, Psychological and Physiological Parameters: Insights from a Randomized Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Counterbalanced Crossover Trial

Acute Effects of an “Energy Drink” on Short-Term Maximal Performance, Reaction Times, Psychological and Physiological Parameters: Insights from a Randomized Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Counterbalanced Crossover Trial

Oral taurine improves critical power and severe-intensity exercise tolerance

Taurine in sports and exercise

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