The Effect of Age of Breeder Hen on the Levels of Vitamins and Minerals in Turkey Eggs

Robel, Edward J.

doi:10.3382/ps.0621751

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In both studies, egg and yolk folate content were at their highest during the last periods of folate measurement (period 9 for study 1; period 11 for study 2). However, compared with other studies, our observation did not conform to the data reported from a 23wk trial by Robel [21], who suggested that vitamin and mineral levels deposited in the egg are directly related to the aging process of the hen.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 78%

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Optimization of folate deposition in eggs through dietary supplementation of folic acid over the entire production cycle of Hy-Line W36, Hy-Line W98, and CV20 laying hens

Dickson

Tactacan

Hebert

et al. 2010

Journal of Applied Poultry Research

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Supplementing laying hen diets with folic acid at 4 mg/kg of diet for 3 wk led to the production of folate-enriched eggs with an approximately 3-fold increase in egg folate concentration relative to a regular commercial egg. However, because long-term consistency in folate deposition is important for successful folate enrichment of natural foods such as eggs, 2 studies were designed to determine the level of folic acid required to maximize egg folate content and consistency throughout the entire cycle of egg production. In study 1, Hy-Line W36 and W98 laying hens (n = 156/treatment) received a barley-based diet containing 0 and 4 mg/kg of folic acid, whereas in study 2, a total of 1,248 Hy-Line CV20 laying hens (n = 416/treatment) received a barley-based ration supplemented with folic acid at 0, 2, or 4 mg/kg of diet. Both studies lasted for eleven 28-d periods. Response criteria included production parameters, egg quality measurements, and measures of egg folate content. Results of both long-term production studies support the use of 4 mg of folic acid/kg of diet as the recommended level of folic acid supplementation in terms of maximizing egg folate concentration over time. This is supported by the higher egg folate content and more consistent egg folate deposition at 4 mg of folic acid/kg of diet as compared with 0 and 2 mg of folic acid/kg of diet. Hy-Line W98, a strain of hens selected for large egg mass, benefited more from increased dietary folic acid in terms of increased egg production than did Hy-Line W36 and CV20 hens, strains selected for better egg efficiency and livability. Sensitivity and responsiveness to increasing dietary folic acid concentration in terms of egg folate content were, however, similar for all strains. In conclusion, eggs of laying hens were consistently enriched with folate by dietary supplementation with 4 mg of folic acid/kg of diet throughout the production cycle.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 78%

“…Turkeys fed diets supplemented with folic acid had a consistent decrease in yolk folate content over time [21]. Similarly, hens supplemented with riboflavin for 42 wk had decreased egg riboflavin concentrations with age [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Optimization of folate deposition in eggs through dietary supplementation of folic acid over the entire production cycle of Hy-Line W36, Hy-Line W98, and CV20 laying hens

Dickson

Tactacan

Hebert

et al. 2010

Journal of Applied Poultry Research

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“…The only explanation that can be given for this observation is that eggs from younger hens had adequate amounts of pyridoxine for embryo survival. Further support for this hypothesis comes from examining the effect of maternal age on pyridoxine concentrations in turkey eggs (Robel, 1983). A substantial drop in the egg content of this vitamin did not occur until after approximately 8-10 weeks of the egg production cycle.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Ferguson et al (1961) used a purified diet to demonstrate that pyridoxine deficiency was responsible for low hatchability of turkey eggs. Robel (1983) assayed turkey eggs for pyridoxine and observed significant decreases in their pyridoxine concentrations associated with maternal age. This aging feature coupled with the biological variability in the deposition of the vitamin in hens' eggs mean that it is conceivable that some eggs contain insufficient pyridoxine for embryo survival.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Increasing hatchability of turkey eggs by injecting eggs with pyridoxine

Robel

Christensen

1991

British Poultry Science

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1. In field trials, eggs from two flocks of Large White turkey hens were injected with about 0.2 ml saline solution containing 600 micrograms of pyridoxine hydrochloride in order to examine its effect on hatchability. 2. Also, in an aseptic laboratory trial, eggs from Large White turkey hens were injected with 0.2 ml of saline solution and 0.2 ml of saline solution containing 600 micrograms of pyridoxine hydrochloride. 3. In field trials, hatchability of pyridoxine-injected eggs was 4.6% higher (P less than 0.05) than the control (non-injected) eggs. 4. In the aseptic laboratory trial, hatchability of pyridoxine-injected eggs was 4.2% higher (P less than 0.05) than saline-injected and control (non-injected) eggs.

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“…Thus over the whole range of dietary biotin concentrations yolk in eggs from hens at age 44 weeks than at 31 weeks. A similar effect of age on biotin incorporation in the turkey's egg has been reported recently (Robel, 1983). The increased biotin concentration in the eggs of older broilers was reflected in the superior biotin status of the hatching chicks : those from older hens had twice the plasma biotin concentration of chicks from younger hens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Biotin requirements of broiler breeders fed diets of different protein content and effect of insufficient biotin on the viability of progeny

Whitehead

1985

British Poultry Science

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Production of eggs or normal chicks was depressed when practical diets containing 168 g or 137 g of crude protein (CP)/kg were not supplemented with synthetic biotin. Overall egg production and hatchability of fertile eggs was significantly (P less than 0.05) higher with the diets containing 137 g CP/kg. Biotin requirement was higher with the diet containing 168 g CP/kg and was estimated to be about 100 micrograms of available biotin/kg, equivalent to a daily intake of 16 micrograms for food-restricted hens. Biotin concentrations in egg yolk and chick plasma were related to maternal intake and increased with maternal age. The minimum yolk biotin concentration indicative of adequate maternal status was about 550 micrograms/g. Chicks from young hens fed insufficient biotin had the poorest biotin status at hatching and their growth potential and viability were reduced.

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The Effect of Age of Breeder Hen on the Levels of Vitamins and Minerals in Turkey Eggs

Cited by 19 publications

References 6 publications

Optimization of folate deposition in eggs through dietary supplementation of folic acid over the entire production cycle of Hy-Line W36, Hy-Line W98, and CV20 laying hens

Optimization of folate deposition in eggs through dietary supplementation of folic acid over the entire production cycle of Hy-Line W36, Hy-Line W98, and CV20 laying hens

Increasing hatchability of turkey eggs by injecting eggs with pyridoxine

Biotin requirements of broiler breeders fed diets of different protein content and effect of insufficient biotin on the viability of progeny

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