The effect of applied potential on the stress corrosion cracking behavior of high nitrogen steels

Tsai, Wen Ta; Reynders, B.; Stratmann, M.; Grabke, H. J.

doi:10.1016/0010-938x(93)90038-i

Cited by 37 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The effect of N on the enhancement of passivation and pitting corrosion resistance of a stainless steel is well known. One of the beneficial effects of N in stainless steel is associated with the formation of NH 3 and , which can be easily adsorbed on the steel surface and promotes the passivation characteristics [16–19].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pitting corrosion behaviour of 2101 duplex stainless steel in chloride solutions

Huang

Tsai

Pan

et al. 2018

Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology

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The corrosion behaviour of 2101 duplex stainless steel (DSS) in NaCl solution was studied and compared with that of 2205 DSS. The effects of chloride concentration and solution temperature on pitting corrosion behaviour were focused. The relative sensitivity to pitting corrosion of the constituent phases in both 2101 and 2205 DSSs was also explored. Pitting corrosion susceptibility was evaluated by conducting cyclic polarisation curve measurement. The corrosion morphology was examined by a scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive spectrometer. The experimental results showed that the pitting corrosion resistance of 2101 DSS was inferior to that of 2205 DSS by exhibiting a lower threshold chloride concentration and a lower critical pitting temperature. For both 2101 and 2205 DSSs, the ferrite phase was more susceptible than austenite phase to pitting corrosion.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pitting corrosion behaviour of 2101 duplex stainless steel in chloride solutions

Huang

Tsai

Pan

et al. 2018

Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology

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“…It has also been suggested that the elemental N might be able to undergo reduction to ammonium (NH 4 + ) ions in a reaction analogous to Equation 1 as follows: N + 4H + + 3e -→ NH 4 + [3] This reaction also involves the consumption of acid, which consequently increases local pH. Indeed, numerous workers have detected NH 4 + in solution after growth of corrosion pits and cracks on SS alloyed with N [28,[37][38][39]. However, others have found no evidence of NH 4 + , NO 2 -, or any reduction product of NO 3 in pits or crevices on stainless steels when NO 3 was used as an inhibitor, nor on N-containing stainless steel [17,40]).…”

Section: -mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Nitrate on the Repassivation Potential of Alloy 22 in Chloride-Containing Environments

Ilevbare

King

Gordon

et al. 2005

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The study of Alloy 22 was undertaken in several selected nitrate/chloride (NO 3-/Cl-) electrolytes with chloride concentrations [Cl-] of 1.0, 3.5 and 6.0 molal with [NO 3-]/[Cl-] ratios of 0.05, 0.15 and 0.5 at temperatures up to 100 o C. Results showed that the repassivation potentials increased with increase in [NO 3-]/[Cl-] ratio and decreased with increase in temperature. The absolute [Cl-] was found to have less of an effect on the repassivation potential compared with temperature and the NO 3-/Cl-. Regression analyses were carried out and expressions were derived to describe the relationship between the repassivation potential, temperature, [Cl-] and [NO 3-] for the conditions tested.

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“…Pedrazzoli and Speidei (1990) studied the influence of the nitrogen and carbon concentration on stress corrosion cracking in Cr18Mn18 steels and concluded that the lowering of the carbon content below 0.1 mass % is the only reason for the improved SCC behaviour while the role of nitrogen amounts to an increase in the yield strength without deteriorating the SCC resistance. However, Tsai et al (1993) tested two Crl8Mn18 steels with 0.58 and 0.9 mass % of nitrogen in the 1% NaCI solution and have shown that an increase in the content of nitrogen results in a shift from 500 to 650 mV of the potential above which SCC occurs. However, Tsai et al (1993) tested two Crl8Mn18 steels with 0.58 and 0.9 mass % of nitrogen in the 1% NaCI solution and have shown that an increase in the content of nitrogen results in a shift from 500 to 650 mV of the potential above which SCC occurs.…”

Section: Stress Corrosion Crackingmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Nitrogen Steels

Gavriljuk¹,

Berns²

1999

Engineering Materials

391

110

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The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, ete. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.Typesetting: Camera-ready eopies from authors Cover-Design: MEDIO, Berlin Printed on acid-free paper SPIN 10730039 6213020 5 4 3 2 1 0 to BELA and ISOLDE PrefaceDuring the second half of this century the nitrogen concentration of steel moved in both directions: down in constructional grades by oxygen blowing to prevent brittle fracture upon age hardening at ambient temperature and up in stainless grades to improve strength, corrosion resistance and austenite stability. The gradual recognition of the beneficial effects of this element on the properties of high alloy steels led to a widespread development of high nitrogen steels (HNS) documented by numerous applications and the proceedings of five HNS conferences at LilIe (France) 1988, Aachen (Germany) 1990, Kiev (Ukraine) 1993, Kyoto (Japan) 1996 and HelsinkilStockholm (FinnlandISweden) 1998. The word "high" in HNS is not clearly defined but accounts e.g. for 0.1 mass% of nitrogen in creep resistant steels, 0.9 mass% in stainless grades or 2 mass% in tool steels. "High" best refers to "intentionally raised" by appropriate alloying or by pressure and powder metallurgy. For convenience steel grades are designated by their approximate content of alloying elements in mass% omitting unintentional minor additons of Si, Mn, C, P, S asf. As an example Cr22Ni5M03NO.2 stands for a stainless duplex grade.The present book starts by comparing the effects of nitrogen and carbon on the atomic structure and interaction within the crystallattice. Next the constitution of HNS is investigated leading to specific microstructural features. Based on this background the mechanisms behind the mechanical, chemical and tribological properties of HNS are derived. This concludes the fundamentals treated in chapters one to three. Chapter four comes down to shop practice of manufacturing HNS which, in respect to e.g. melting, hot working, and welding, may be quite different from respective carbon grades. In chapter five, different HNS for special applications are presented like e.g. hardenable steels for stainless bearings, high strength austenitic steels for non-magnetic retaining rings, superaustenitic stainless sheet for the chemical industry or solution nitrided impellers for pumps. Chapter six is an attempt to summarize key aspects of HNS.The book is meant for material scientist working in the field of high alloy steels and also for engineers engaged in materials technology, material selection and design. The work covers a wide scope from the atomic structure to the application of HNS and was written by a metal physicist and an engineer.

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The effect of applied potential on the stress corrosion cracking behavior of high nitrogen steels

Cited by 37 publications

References 14 publications

Pitting corrosion behaviour of 2101 duplex stainless steel in chloride solutions

Pitting corrosion behaviour of 2101 duplex stainless steel in chloride solutions

Effect of Nitrate on the Repassivation Potential of Alloy 22 in Chloride-Containing Environments

High Nitrogen Steels

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