The effect of base stabilization on the recyclability of polypropylene as studied by multi-cell imaging chemiluminescence and microcalorimetry

Hamskog, Mikael; Klügel, M.; Forsström, Dan; Terselius, Björn; Gijsman, Pieter

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2004.07.004

Cited by 25 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Chemiluminescence (CL) offers a powerful tool to monitor oxidation reactions in polymers and can be therefore employed to assess the thermo‐oxidative stability of recycled polymers and investigate the effects of base stabilisation and restabilisation on the recyclability of polyolefins 34–36. The relationship between polymer oxidation and luminescence is generally associated to the deactivation of an excited carbonyl group formed during the oxidation process.…”

Section: Quality Analysis Of Recycled Plastics For Improved Use In Nementioning

confidence: 99%

Quality Concepts for the Improved Use of Recycled Polymeric Materials: A Review

Vilaplana

Karlsson

2008

Macro Materials & Eng

303

158

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Polymeric waste materials should be considered resources for the manufacture of new products through recycling processes, with a similar status to virgin fossil‐based plastics and biopolymers from renewable resources. Several efforts can be made to achieve this qualitative quantum leap in plastics recycling, and consequently introduce recycled products, with competitive performance, to the market. Scientific knowledge about the degradation processes during the life cycle and the development of fast and reliable analytical methods for the quality assessment of recycled plastics are fundamental to guarantee their performance in new applications. Different strategies—restabilisation, rebuilding, compatibilisation, and addition of elastomers and fillers—can be used to upgrade the structure and properties of polymeric waste streams. This review discusses recent developments in the mechanical recycling of plastics, focusing on how to produce quality materials from waste streams and, thus, contribute to a sustainable management of resources and energy.magnified image

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Section: Quality Analysis Of Recycled Plastics For Improved Use In Nementioning

confidence: 99%

Quality Concepts for the Improved Use of Recycled Polymeric Materials: A Review

Vilaplana

Karlsson

2008

Macro Materials & Eng

303

158

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“…Isotactic PP (i-PP) is the most common form of PP. It is known that i-PP degrades by chain scission when reprocessing the material [3]. For sorted i-PP waste, contamination in combination with degradation during lifetime leads to undesired brittle failure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast cooling of (non)-nucleated virgin and recycled poly(propylenes): Effect of processing conditions on structural and mechanical properties

et al. 2015

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. Fast cooling of (non)-nucleated virgin and recycled poly(propylenes) : effect of processing conditions on structural and mechanical properties. Thermochimica Acta, 603, 94-102. DOI: 10.1016/j.tca.2014 General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.• You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. A B S T R A C TIn this study, the effect of processing parameters, i.e., the cooling rate and pressure, on the structureproperty relationships for nucleated and non-nucleated i-PP from virgin and recycled sources was investigated. Special attention was given to the brittle-to-ductile transition of nucleated i-PP from plastic packaging waste. Differential fast scanning calorimetry and dilatometry were used to mimic industrial process conditions. From the calorimetric experiments, it was observed that under ambient pressure the mesomorphic phase was formed upon fast cooling, which was confirmed by WAXD analysis. The dilatometry results showed that by applying pressure also g-phase crystals are formed. Nucleated samples showed an increased tendency for the g-phase formation and a decreased tendency for mesomorphic phase formation. Up to now, recycled i-PP showed a brittle behavior, but this study showed that by applying a sufficiently high cooling rate, the yield stress can be reduced and a stabilization of the deformation can be obtained leading to a ductile behavior for recycled i-PP.

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“…The recycling of different polypropylene (PP)-based conventional composite systems has been an important topic of research [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Multiple extrusion of these materials under intensive shearing at elevated temperature can lead to thermal (temperature), thermal-oxidative (temperature and oxygen) and thermal-mechanical (temperature and shear level) degradation of the matrix and to modification of the filler morphology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Multiple Extrusions on the Properties of Montmorillonite Filled Polypropylene

et al. 2014

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Nanocomposites have attracted a great deal of interest during recent years. Much research has been conducted towards the incorporation of clay particles in a polypropylene matrix. However, the effect of extrusion reprocessing on the material properties has not been studied in depth. In this study, composites of polypropylene (PP) reinforced with organic modified montmorillonite (MMT) (4 wt%) and coupling agent were subjected to 15 extrusion cycles. The materials were characterized by melt flow index (MFI), plate-plate rheometry, tensile testing and impact measurements, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed an improved intercalation of the MMT clay in the first few extrusions, thus improving the mechanical properties. Increasing the processing steps furthermore lead to a decrease in elastic modulus and impact strength, which was attributed to a reduction in matrix-filler interaction, most probably caused by organoclay degradation as shown by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results of this study provide a useful insight in either the recycling of PP/MMT waste streams or the use of clay particles as a strengthening filler agent in the recycling process of different polymer waste streams.

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The effect of base stabilization on the recyclability of polypropylene as studied by multi-cell imaging chemiluminescence and microcalorimetry

Cited by 25 publications

References 33 publications

Quality Concepts for the Improved Use of Recycled Polymeric Materials: A Review

Quality Concepts for the Improved Use of Recycled Polymeric Materials: A Review

Fast cooling of (non)-nucleated virgin and recycled poly(propylenes): Effect of processing conditions on structural and mechanical properties

The Effect of Multiple Extrusions on the Properties of Montmorillonite Filled Polypropylene

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