The effect of binocular and monocular distractors on saccades in participants with normal binocular vision

Griffiths, Helen; Whittle, J. P.; Buckley, David

doi:10.1016/j.visres.2005.09.012

Cited by 13 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…An irrelevant stimulus (often called a "distractor") generally delays the intended saccade and can sometimes entirely "capture" the saccade, so that it is directed toward the distractor, not the target. Such delays and errors are often referred to as the oculomotor distractor effect, remote distractor effect (RDE, because the distractor is remote from the target), or oculomotor capture and have been widely used as measures of sensorimotor competition and interference in the eye movement system (e.g., Born and Kerzel 2008a;Graupner et al 2007;Griffiths et al 2006;Honda 2005;Lévy-Schoen 1969;Ludwig et al 2005;Theeuwes 1994;Theeuwes et al 1998;Walker et al 1995Walker et al , 1997White et al 2005). Here we refer to the slowing of latency to the target as the "RDE" (or simply the distractor effect) and refer to saccades toward the distractor as "capture.…”

Section: Sensorimotor Competition and The Oculomotor Distractor Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oculomotor Distraction by Signals Invisible to the Retinotectal and Magnocellular Pathways

Bompas

Sumner

2009

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Irrelevant stimulus onsets interfere with saccade planning to other stimuli, prolonging saccadic latency (the oculomotor distractor effect) or eliciting directional errors (saccadic capture). Such stimulus-driven interference has been associated with the retinotectal pathway, the direct pathway from retina to superior colliculus. Consistent with this theory, the distractor effect has not been found for stimuli visible only to the short-wave cones in the retina (S cones), which are thought not to contribute to the retinotectal pathway. However, S-cone signals are generally slower than luminance signals and such differences in temporal dynamics have not been taken into account when investigating the saccadic distractor effect. Here, by varying the delay between target and distractor, we found that S-cone stimuli do in fact produce a distractor effect, but the optimal delay is generally different from that for luminance distractors. The temporal dynamics of the distractor effect conform to a general framework of saccadic competition that takes sensory transmission time into account. Additionally, we observe that S-cone stimuli are able to produce saccadic capture in our paradigm. We conclude that stimulus-driven oculomotor interference does not rely on the retinotectal pathway, or indeed the magnocellular pathway, which is also blind to our S-cone stimuli.

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Section: Sensorimotor Competition and The Oculomotor Distractor Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oculomotor Distraction by Signals Invisible to the Retinotectal and Magnocellular Pathways

Bompas

Sumner

2009

Journal of Neurophysiology

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“…For the case of remote distractors, Walker et al (1997) found an inverse relationship between the magnitude of the effect (or the saccade-latency increase in distractor compared to no-distractor trials) and the ratio of distractor-to-target eccentricity, which may support the fixation-system hypothesis. The distractor effect was greatest when the distractor was displayed at the center of the fovea, and then gradually reduced as the distractor was presented more peripherally and its eccentricity more closely matched the eccentricity of the target (see also Griffiths, Whittle, & Buckley, 2006). However, since this result relied on manipulation of the eccentricity of the distractor for only two possible target eccentricities, it may have been in part an effect of the angular distance between the stimuli.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the effect of remote and proximal distractors on saccadic behavior: A challenge to neural-field models

Casteau

Vitu

2012

Journal of Vision

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Two proposals have been made to account for the generation of saccadic eye movements. The first assumes that when the eyes move is under the control of a fixation gating system. The second attributes the decisions of both when and where the eyes move to the interplay between short-range excitatory and long-range inhibitory interactions within the motor map of the superior colliculus (SC). To distinguish both views, three behavioral experiments conducted on human participants tested the respective contributions of stimulus eccentricity and interstimulus distance on the effects of remote and proximal distractors on the latency and accuracy of saccades. Experiment 1 showed that the saccade-latency increase that results from the presentation of a remote distractor in the contralateral, nontarget hemifield varies with the ratio of distractor-to-target eccentricity, but not the interstimulus distance in visual or collicular space, thus indicating that the effect is not due to long-range inhibition. Experiments 2a and 2b showed that short-range excitation does not underlie the effect of proximal, ipsilateral distractors. Proximal distractors do not systematically shorten saccade latency, but rather show a range of effects (from a latency increase to no effect and then facilitation) as the ratio of distractor-to-target eccentricity increases, while deviating the eyes to gradually larger extents. The present findings strongly challenge the neural-field account, while suggesting that when a saccade is initiated depends mainly on the activity of a fixation gating system.

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“…In psychophysics, saccades are studied both using monocular and binocular setups but we have not found in the literature a comparison of their accuracies. Some studies report that the presence of a monocular vs binocular distractor has different effects on the saccade accuracy, so showing that binocular information is used when available (Griffiths et al, 2006). Moreover, verifying the actual performance of monocular encoding with the robot allows us to predict the quality of saccades and perception in the case of occlusions, and also evaluate the opportunity of consistently employing a more demanding binocular processing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Learning the visual–oculomotor transformation: Effects on saccade control and space representation

Antonelli

Durán

Chinellato

et al. 2015

Robotics and Autonomous Systems

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Active eye movements can be exploited to build a visuomotor representation of the surrounding environment. Maintaining and improving such representation requires to update the internal model involved in the generation of eye movements. From this perspective, action and perception are thus tightly coupled and interdependent. In this work, we encoded the internal model for oculomotor control with an adaptive filter inspired by the functionality of the cerebellum. Recurrent loops between a feed-back controller and the internal model allow our system to perform accurate binocular saccades and create an implicit representation of the nearby space. Simulations results show that this recurrent architecture outperforms classical feedback-error-learning in terms of both accuracy and sensitivity to system parameters. The proposed approach was validated implementing the framework on an anthropomorphic robotic head.

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The effect of binocular and monocular distractors on saccades in participants with normal binocular vision

Cited by 13 publications

References 24 publications

Oculomotor Distraction by Signals Invisible to the Retinotectal and Magnocellular Pathways

Oculomotor Distraction by Signals Invisible to the Retinotectal and Magnocellular Pathways

On the effect of remote and proximal distractors on saccadic behavior: A challenge to neural-field models

Learning the visual–oculomotor transformation: Effects on saccade control and space representation

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