As China has repeatedly achieved excellent results in world-class sports events, the country attaches great importance to sports training, among which weightlifting is an advantageous sports event in China. Physical fitness is also the main sports ability to evaluate the function of weightlifters, which has a direct impact on their competitive ability in sports competition. However, there are some problems in evaluating the physical fitness of weightlifters, such as unclear indicators and unclear weight. Therefore, this paper establishes the physical fitness evaluation system of weightlifters based on the analytic hierarchy process and evaluates the physical fitness of weightlifters from three aspects: body shape, body function, and sports quality. In addition, it briefly introduces the calculation process of the analytic hierarchy process, analyzes the constituent factors of weightlifters’ physical fitness, defines the indexes of weightlifters’ physical fitness evaluation system, and calculates the weight of each index. This study performed many experiments by selecting 10 weightlifters to substitute the relevant data into the evaluation index system and analyzed the body shape of weightlifters. In addition, the results showed that the highest blood testosterone was 926.7 ud/dl, with a score of 95 points, and the lowest was 690.3 ud/dl, with a score of 65 points. The results also show that the highest high snatch with score 95 is 123 kg and the lowest high snatch with score 60 is 98 kg. According to the above research results, the overall physical fitness of Chinese weightlifters is high.