The Effect of CLA-Rich Isomerized Poppy Seed Oil on the Fat Level and Fatty Acid Profile of Cow and Sheep Milk

Abstract

The aim of the study was to examine the effect of dietary supplementation of isomerized poppy seed oil (IPO) enriched with conjugated dienes of linoleic acid (CLA) on cow and sheep milk parameters (fat content, fatty acid profile, Δ9-desaturase index, and atherogenic index). The process of poppy seed oil alkaline isomerization caused the formation of CLA isomers with cis-9,trans-11, trans-10,cis-12, and cis-11,trans-13 configurations in the amounts of 31.2%, 27.6%, and 4.1% of total fatty acids (FAs), respectively. Animal experiments were conducted on 16 Polish Holstein Friesian cows (control (CTRL) and experimental (EXP), n = 8/group) and 20 East Friesian Sheep (CTRL and EXP, n = 10/group). For four weeks, animals from EXP groups received the addition of IPO in the amount of 1% of dry matter. Milk was collected three times: on days 7, 14, and 30. Diet supplementation with IPO decrease milk fat content (p < 0.01). Milk fat from EXP groups had higher levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids, including FAs with beneficial biological properties, that is, CLA and TVA (p < 0.01), and lower levels of saturated fatty acids, particularly short- (p < 0.01) and medium-chain FAs (p < 0.05). The addition of IPO led to a decrease in the atherogenic index.

The Effect of Low-Temperature Crystallization of Fish Oil on the Chemical Composition, Fatty Acid Profile, and Functional Properties of Cow’s Milk

“…Chromatographic analyses were carried out in the Laboratory of Chromatography and Meat Analysis, Institute of Animal Breeding, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences (Poland) using gas chromatograph (Agilent Technologies 7890A) with FID detector and HP-88 capillary GC column (100 m length × 0.25 mm i.d., d f = 0.20 μm; Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA). A detailed description of conditions for conducting analyzes is reported elsewhere [ 3 ]. The resulting peaks were identified by comparing the retention times with the standards (GLC #47885, #47791, #46903, #46904, #46905, #43959, #O5632, #D5679 Sigma-Aldrich Chemie GmbH, Schnelldorf, Germany, #20-1823-7, #20-1826-7, Larodan Fine Chemicals AB Products, Malmö, Sweden).…”

“…Currently, agricultural research is aiming not only for an improvement in the yield and production outcomes but also in the nutritional value of food products. An example of a sector that has undertaken attempts to modify the fatty acid (FA) profile of milk fat, especially FAs beneficial for human health, is the dairy production sector [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Bearing in mind the potential long-term benefits for human health, there is an interest in establishing sustainable nutritional strategies to reduce the content of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) while concurrently increasing the levels of unsaturated ones (UFAs) [ 4 ].…”

Effect of Feed Additives Supplementation on the Growth Performance, Gastrointestinal Tract Characteristics, and Carcass Composition in Turkey Hens

“…In recent years, in many countries (Germany, Australia, Great Britain, and Poland), an increase in the application of humic materials for animal feeding has been observed [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. Humic substances are ubiquitous in natural and human-made environments such as soil, compost, sewage, natural waters, landfill leachates, and the atmosphere [ 29 , 30 , 31 ].…”

“…Kulikova et al [ 29 ] and Olk et al [ 31 ] formulated reasons that prevent the widespread use of humic materials in agriculture, namely, an insufficient number of field studies addressing the effects on humic products’ efficacy depending on environmental and management factors, a need for a mechanistic explanation of humic materials’ activity, a lack of quality control of humic products, and an insufficient number of long-term field trials. Humic preparations have been popular in ruminants [ 25 ], pigs [ 26 ], and poultry [ 27 , 28 ] rations. Humic additives generally have a positive influence on production results and on the health status of farm animals [ 25 , 26 , 27 ].…”

“…Humic preparations have been popular in ruminants [ 25 ], pigs [ 26 ], and poultry [ 27 , 28 ] rations. Humic additives generally have a positive influence on production results and on the health status of farm animals [ 25 , 26 , 27 ]. Islam et al [ 37 ] claimed that humic substances added to diets can form complexes with metal ions, oxides, and clay minerals and can interact with organic compounds, e.g., fatty acids.…”