“…Moreover, DFDBBX will decrease Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor Kappa β-Ligand (RANKL) expression while increasing osteoprotegerin (OPG) expression, which leads to a decrease in osteoclasts, the main factor in bone resorption. 7 Moringa oleifera is rich in flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, alkaloids, saponins, ascorbic acid, phenolics, carotenoids, potassium, calcium, β carotene, protein, and vitamin C. 9 The flavonoid compounds in Moringa leaves are phytochemical compounds with high osteoinductive and anti-inflammatory properties. Flavonoids stimulate osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, as well as prevent bone resorption by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme, which hinders prostaglandin synthesis and decreases PEG-2 and macrophage infiltration.…”