The Effect of Combretum molle Seed Extracts on the Growth of the Mycelial Form of Histoplasma capsulatum Var Farciminosum-an In Vitro Trial

Abstract

Epizootic lymphangitis (EL) compromises the welfare of working horses and has a serious negative impact on the livelihoods of cart horse owners/drivers in the affected parts of Ethiopia. Unfortunately, antifungal drugs for the treatment of EL are unavailable in both private and government clinics. The spread of multidrug-resistant strains of fungi motivates to discover new classes of antifungal compounds that inhibit these resistant strains. Therapeutic alternative compounds, particularly those isolated from plants have shown promising empirical effect on different fungal strains, which are unresponsive to chemical anti fungi drugs. Histoplasma capsulatum var farciminosum obtained from Aklilu Lema Institue of Patho Biology (ALIPB) was used as test organism. Agar dilution assay was performed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of Combretum molle seed extract and to measure the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Ketaconazole was used as a positive control. Combretum molle seed extracts inhibit the growth of HCF up to 0.0156%. Hydrolysable tannins have a great potential in inhibition of fungal growth. In case of topical application, tannins have haemostatic effect and wound closure property.

Evaluation of Antimalarial Activity of the 80% Methanolic Stem Bark Extract of Combretum molle Against Plasmodium berghei in Mice

“…The different parts of the studied plant have been scientifically approved to have different pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, 16 antischistosomal, anthelmintic, 17 antimicrobial, 18,19 and antifungal activities. 20,21 The antiplasmodial activity of the seed (in vivo) and stem bark (in vitro) extract had also been approved pharmacologically. 22,23…”

"An In-Vitro Trial on Antifungal Effect of Xanthium Strumarium Leaf Extract on the Growth of the Mycelial form of Histoplasma Capsulatum Var Farciminosum Isolated from Horse"

“…This has been examined to assure the plants efficacy in treating disease by some researchers. For instance an in-vitro study conducted by [6] indicated that fresh garlic extract has some degree of growth inhibitory effect on the mycelial form of Histoplasma capsulatum var Farciminosum [16] has conducted evaluation of berries of phytol accado decandra for growth inhibition of Histoplasma capsulatum var Farciminosum and treatment of cases of epizootic lymphangitis in Ethiopia and that was effective. The works mentioned above are good indicators that Xanthium Strumarium leaf extract may have a potent inhibitory effect on Histoplasma capsulatum var Farciminosum (HCF).…”

“…The yeast form of the fungus is found in the infected host and the mycelial saprophytic stage in the environment [3,5]. Epizootic lymphangitis has a serious negative impact on the livelihoods of cart horse owners/drivers in the affected areas and also compromises the welfare of working horses [6]. The disease is endemic in countries bordering the Mediterranean, particularly in Italy and North Africa and is also found in Central and Southern Africa, and in regions of Asia and Russia [4].…”