The effect of cultivar and seed density on the production and fibre content of Cannabis sativa in southern England

Cromack, H.T.H.

doi:10.1016/s0926-6690(97)00049-6

Cited by 44 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Although the investigations of Cromack (1998) evidenced that genetic differences (variety) had a greater impact on the content of stem bast fibre than stand density, in our trials in both experimental years neither variety as a factor nor seed rate as a factor showed any significant influence on the dew retted hemp fibre content in hemp stalks.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 73%

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Physical parameters of dew retted and water retted hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) fibres

Jankauskienė

Gruzdevienė

2013

Zemdirbyste-Agriculture

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Even small additions of hemp fibres to fabrics result in sig nificantly higher surface resistance and increased heat sorption. The two major retting methods (dew retting and water retting) are used to extract fibbers for industrial uses. Both methods produce fibres of different quality. The results of research, carried out at the Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture, Upytė Experimental Station in 2006-2007, showed that dew retted and water retted hemp fibres differed in appearance. Hemp variety as a factor showed higher impact on physical fibre parameters: fibre content in dew retted and water retted hemp straw, dew retted hemp straw output from hemp stalks, the strength of fibre obtained from dew retted and water retted hemp. Seed rate as a factor did not show any significant influence on physical fibre parameters, and only some trends of higher parameters at higher seed rates could be observed. Statistical evaluation indicated that the year as a factor affected the majority of physical parameters tested. Statistical data processing also showed that the fibre extraction method as a factor had a significant influence on the fibre content in hemp straw in 2006, on the straw output from hemp stalks in 2007, on the fibre content in hemp stalks and hemp fibre flexibility in both years of investigation, on the hemp fibre strength in 2006.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 73%

“…Higher bast fibre content in hemp stem is associated with higher plant density and thinner pants (Van der Werf et al, 1994;1995;Cromack, 1998;Struik et al, 2000;Amaducci et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical parameters of dew retted and water retted hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) fibres

Jankauskienė

Gruzdevienė

2013

Zemdirbyste-Agriculture

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“…Moreover, primary fibre percentages for a given variety vary widely within (e.g., Vetter et al, 2002) and between (e.g., cf. Cromack, 1998;Mediavilla et al, 1999;Vetter et al, 2002) experiments.…”

Section: Problem Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Usually, canopy height at harvest is between 1.5 and 3 m (e.g., Höppner and Menge-Hartmann, 1994;Cromack, 1998;Mediavilla et al, 1999;Struik et al, 2000;Vetter et al, 2002;Amaducci et al, 2002a), but little seems to be known about the causal relationships between visible or easily measurable characteristics of the stems (e.g., plant height and stem diameter) and the characteristics (quantity and quality) of the fibres that can be extracted.…”

Section: Crop Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increased sowing densities have been reported to increase primary fibre percentages (Jakobey, 1965;Dempsey, 1975;Van der Werf et al, 1995a;Cromack, 1998;Von Francken-Welz and Léon, 2003), but also to have no effect on primary fibre percentages at all (Van der Schaaf, 1963;Van der Schaaf, 1966;Höppner and Menge-Hartmann, 1994;Vetter et al, 2002;Von Francken-Welz and Léon, 2003;Burczyk et al, 2009). Delayed harvesting has been reported to increase (Van der Schaaf, 1963) and decrease (Schäfer and Honermeier, 2003) primary fibre percentages, or to have no effect at all (Burczyk et al, 2009).…”

Section: Problem Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hemp for textiles : plant size matters

Westerhuis¹

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Fibre hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) may be an alternative to cotton and synthetic fibres as a raw material for textile yarn production in the European Union. The agronomic options to manipulate plant development and crop growth with the aim to optimise hemp long fibre production were investigated. Field trials with factors sowing density, sowing date, harvest time and variety were conducted. Stems were traditionally processed by retting, drying, breaking, and scutching. Following standard protocols, almost 1500 hemp stem samples were analysed. Varieties differ widely in their fibre content, but this thesis shows that when variety and plant size are known, the amounts of fibres, wood, and retting losses are known. The dry weight of the stems at harvest, not the factors underlying this weight, are determinant. In retted stems the dry matter is split-up into fibres and wood in a fixed way. The options to manipulate this ratio by crop management, given variety, are very small and for practical reasons they can be neglected. In fibre hemp two bast fibre types occur. Primary or long fibres are valuable for yarn spinning. Secondary fibres are too short and their presence hampers the production of fine yarns. This thesis shows that the secondary fibre front height increases with plant weight. Although a causal relationship between secondary fibre formation and flowering does not exist, the secondary fibre front is found higher in flowering plants when compared to non-flowering plants of the same height. This is likely to be caused by the higher weight or momentum of flowering plants as compared with non-flowering plants of the same height.Consequently, a harvest before flowering is preferable. This was shown in a greenhouse experiment, in which the short-day response of hemp was used to create size ranges of flowering and non-flowering plants. To produce high-quality raw materials for textile production, short crops should be grown. The options to produce plants with the desired size are manifold. Since sowing density, sowing date, and harvest time do not have an additional effect on the primary fibre content besides the indirect effect through stem weight, any combination of these factors could be chosen to optimize plant size.

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Hemp – Cultivation, Extraction and Processing

Amaducci

Gusovious

2010

Industrial Applications of Natural Fibres

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The effect of cultivar and seed density on the production and fibre content of Cannabis sativa in southern England

Cited by 44 publications

References 3 publications

Physical parameters of dew retted and water retted hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) fibres

Physical parameters of dew retted and water retted hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) fibres

Hemp for textiles : plant size matters

Hemp – Cultivation, Extraction and Processing

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