The effect of deprivation on food cravings and eating behavior in restrained and unrestrained eaters

Polivy, Janet; Coleman, Julie; Herman, C. Peter

doi:10.1002/eat.20195

Cited by 217 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 37 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

102

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…It has been suggested that although attentional bias to food images may be greater in an overweight/obese population (15,28) there may be subgroups of individuals that have greater selective attention to their food-related environment due to particular eating style traits. For example, previous studies have demonstrated enhanced food-related attentional processing in individuals with higher levels of self-reported external eating (6,55,56) and higher levels of restraint (57,58) . External eating is considered as eating in response to food-related stimuli, for example the sight or smell of food regardless of the internal state of hunger or satiety (59,60) .…”

Section: Effects Of Individual Eating Style Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attentional bias to food-related visual cues: is there a role in obesity?

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The incentive sensitisation model of obesity suggests that modification of the dopaminergic associated reward systems in the brain may result in increased awareness of food-related visual cues present in the current food environment. Having a heightened awareness of these visual food cues may impact on food choices and eating behaviours with those being most aware of or demonstrating greater attention to food-related stimuli potentially being at greater risk of overeating and subsequent weight gain. To date, research related to attentional responses to visual food cues has been both limited and conflicting. Such inconsistent findings may in part be explained by the use of different methodological approaches to measure attentional bias and the impact of other factors such as hunger levels, energy density of visual food cues and individual eating style traits that may influence visual attention to food-related cues outside of weight status alone. This review examines the various methodologies employed to measure attentional bias with a particular focus on the role that attentional processing of food-related visual cues may have in obesity. Based on the findings of this review, it appears that it may be too early to clarify the role visual attention to foodrelated cues may have in obesity. Results however highlight the importance of considering the most appropriate methodology to use when measuring attentional bias and the characteristics of the study populations targeted while interpreting results to date and in designing future studies.Incentive sensitisation: Weight status: Eye tracking: Visual probe: Stroop Prevalence of overweight and obesity has now reached epidemic proportions with more than 1·4 billion adults considered as overweight and of these, over 500 million being obese worldwide (1) . On a fundamental level the cause of obesity is linked to an imbalance of energy intake v. energy expenditure; however, it is now evident that obesity is a multifactorial condition that arises from interactions between genetic and environmental factors (2) . One such factor is the present 'obesogenic' environment that is characterised by a wealth of highly palatable, energy-dense foods (3) . These foods are heavily represented in the visual environment for example, through advertising and it has been suggested that frequent exposure to these forms of food-related cues may impact on eating behaviours and food choices (4)(5)(6) .According to the theory of incentive sensitisation, 'addictive substances' modify reward-related pathways in the brain leading to hypersensitisation of rewardrelated stimuli (7) . This results in increased salience to reward-related stimuli resulting in these stimuli becoming more 'attention grabbing'. It has been proposed that this heightened awareness is the consequence of repeated exposure to a particular stimulus and the association between the stimulus and a rewarding experience, which results in related cues becoming salient. The stimulus related to the rewarding experience may then attract g...

show abstract

Section: Effects Of Individual Eating Style Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attentional bias to food-related visual cues: is there a role in obesity?

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition, studies employing food diaries to measure food intake have reported associations between food craving and caloric intake (Hill, Weaver, & Blundell, 1991;Lafay et al, 2001). While some studies have explored food cravings and consumption of specific foods, namely chocolate (Polivy, Coleman, & Herman, 2005), the exact relation between cravings and the selection and consumption of various foods has not been reported. The pilot study reported herein was designed to test the relation between food cravings and consumption of specific foods in a controlled laboratory setting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between food cravings and consumption of specific foods in a laboratory taste test

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This pilot study tested the relation between food cravings and food intake in the laboratory. Participants (n = 91; mean BMI = 35.1 kg/m 2 ) completed the Food Craving Inventory to measure cravings for sweets, fats, carbohydrates, and fast food fats, and a taste test consisting of four foods (jelly beans, M&M's®, regular potato chips, and baked low-fat potato chips). Thereafter, participants could eat the items ad libitum. Specific food cravings were significantly correlated with consumption of corresponding types of foods. The sweets scale correlated with M&M® and jelly bean intake, but not chip intake. The fats scale correlated only with intake of regular potato chips.

show abstract

“…18,19 Denial of access tends 309 to be for a period of a few days and cravings (or wanting and liking) for the restricted food 310 increase. While these studies do not focus on people with obesity engaged in weight 311 management, recognising the differences in methodology, characterization of dieting, and 312 participant characteristics may help to resolve some of the contradictions in the dieting and 313 food craving literature referred to earlier.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

It is not how much you crave but what you do with it that counts: behavioural responses to food craving during weight management

Smithson

Hill

2016

Eur J Clin Nutr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effect of deprivation on food cravings and eating behavior in restrained and unrestrained eaters

Abstract: Converging measures of craving indicate that deprivation causes craving and overeating, but primarily in restrained eaters.

Cited by 217 publications

References 37 publications

Attentional bias to food-related visual cues: is there a role in obesity?

Attentional bias to food-related visual cues: is there a role in obesity?

The association between food cravings and consumption of specific foods in a laboratory taste test

It is not how much you crave but what you do with it that counts: behavioural responses to food craving during weight management

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About