The effect of dietary bacterial organic selenium on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and Selenoproteins gene expression in broiler chickens

Abstract

BackgroundSelenium (Se) is an essential trace mineral in broilers, which has several important roles in biological processes. Organic forms of Se are more efficient than inorganic forms and can be produced biologically via Se microbial reduction. Hence, the possibility of using Se-enriched bacteria as feed supplement may provide an interesting source of organic Se, and benefit broiler antioxidant system and other biological processes. The objective of this study was to examine the impacts of inorganic Se and different bacterial organic Se sources on the performance, serum and tissues Se status, antioxidant capacity, and liver mRNA expression of selenoproteins in broilers.ResultsResults indicated that different Se sources did not significantly (P ≤ 0.05) affect broiler growth performance. However, bacterial organic Se of T5 (basal diet +0.3 mg /kg feed ADS18 Se), T4 (basal diet +0.3 mg /kg feed ADS2 Se), and T3 (basal diet +0.3 mg /kg feed ADS1 Se) exhibited significantly (P ≤ 0.05) highest Se concentration in serum, liver, and kidney respectively. Dietary inorganic Se and bacterial organic Se were observed to significantly affect broiler serum ALT, AST, LDH activities and serum creatinine level. ADS18 supplemented Se of (Stenotrophomonas maltophilia) bacterial strain showed the highest GSH-Px activity with the lowest MDA content in serum, and the highest GSH-Px and catalase activity in the kidney, while bacterial Se of ADS2 (Klebsiella pneumoniae) resulted in a higher level of GSH-Px1 and catalase in liver. Moreover, our study showed that in comparison with sodium selenite, only ADS18 bacterial Se showed a significantly higher mRNA level in GSH-Px1, GSH-Px4, DIO1, and TXNDR1, while both ADS18 and ADS2 showed high level of mRNA of DIO2 compared to sodium selenite.ConclusionsThe supplementation of bacterial organic Se in broiler chicken, improved tissue Se deposition, antioxidant status, and selenoproteins gene expression, and can be considered as an effective alternative source of Se in broiler chickens.

The Effective Role of Selenium and Zinc on Broilers Performance

“…Regarding selenium supplementation, there were non-significant differences between selenium treatment and control for urea, creatinine, ALT and AST. These results agree with the results of Gružauskas et al (2013), Okunlola et al (2015) and Dalia et al (2017) who indicated that there were no differences in urea and creatinine in poultry supplemented with organic or inorganic selenium. At the opposite way, Perić et al (2009), Biswas et al (2011) and Dalia et al (2017) showed that Se supplementation as inorganic or organic forms significantly decreased (P < 0.05) the activities of AST , ALT enzymes and creatinine level in birds fed selenium compared to basal diet.…”

“…Regarding selenium addition, the results agree with Yang et al (2012) and Dalia et al (2017) who demonstrated that supplementation of inorganic or bacterial organic selenium did not affect total protein, albumin, globulin, albumin/globulin ratio in broiler chicks. Contrary to our findings, Mohapatra et al (2014) stated that supplementation of 0.3 ppm nano Se in layer chicks up to 8 weeks significantly increased total protein and serum globulin levels and also significantly lowered albumin/globulin ratio compared to control treatment.…”

“…Many studies have reported beneficial influences of selenium supplementation on feed intake, body weight, weight gain and the prevention of selenium deficiency symptoms and mortality in poultry (Christine et al, 2002, Choct et al, 2004and Ibrahim et al, 2011. On the contrary, Dalia et al (2017) demonstrated that supplementation of inorganic selenium did not change body weight, weight gain, feed intake and feed efficiency ratio. Moreover, Chen et al (2013) investigated the effect of different levels of organic selenium (0.3, 0.5,1 and 2 mg/kg diet) on growth performance and mortality rate and found that there were non-significant differences among treatments until 2mg/kg diet.…”

Different levels of selenomethionine on the meat quality and selenium deposition in tissue of finishing pigs

“…The form of dietary Se supplementation for the domestic animals is object of study for several species, since different authors verified higher bioavailability of organic sources compared to the commonly used inorganic source (Bertechini et al, ; Calvo, Toldrá, Rodríguez, Lópes‐Bote, & Rey, ; Cao, Fucun, Liying, Bing, & Limin, ; Dalia, Loh, Sazili, Jahromi, & Samsudin, ; Lisiak et al, ; Silva et al, ). Due to the higher bioavailability and higher muscle retention, the organic sources provide better pig meat quality results, including reduced exudation losses, lower cooking loss (CL) and lower lipid peroxidation index, indicating a longer shelf life of these meats (Bobcek et al, ; Calvo et al, ; Kim & Mahan, ).…”

Effects of different selenium sources and levels on antioxidant status in broiler breeders

“…It has been found that dietary Se increased the Se concentrations in the liver, kidney and muscle of broilers, while Se yeast (SY) produced higher concentrations than SS [ 9 , 10 ]. Dalia et al [ 11 ] also reported that broiler chickens receiving bacterial organic Se had higher tissue Se deposition and better antioxidant status [ 11 ]. What’s more, Se accumulation and GPx activity of broiler breeders were higher in the group fed 0.30 mg/kg SY compared to 0.30 mg/kg of SS [ 12 ].…”