The effect of dietary bentonite on post-weaning diarrhoea, growth performance and blood parameters of weaned piglets

Trčková, M.; Vondruskova, H.; Zralý, Z.; Zajacova, Z. Sramkova; Kummer, V.; Alexa, P.

doi:10.1016/j.clay.2013.11.009

Cited by 8 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Even though clays have been reported to decrease AF, certain vitamins (A, D, and E) and minerals have been decreased in the presence of smectite clays (Tang et al, 2009;Barrientos-Velazquez et al, 2016). In the present study, we detected no significant differences among treatment groups, suggesting that AF was not altering vitamin and mineral concentrations as previously reported in humans, swine, and chickens (Tang et al, 2009;Trckova et al, 2014;Fowler et al, 2015). In agreement with the results from the present study, Maki et al (2016b) found no interference with serum vitamin A concentrations when montmorillonite clay was fed to bovine animals at 18 and 20 kg/d.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

“…Because clay products have such a high affinity for aflatoxins, it is plausible that the clay used in the present study had a high affinity for AF and thus could not be detected as pure unaltered AFB 1 . In vitro experiments suggest that clays have a sequestering capacity for aflatoxins from 80 to 100% of the aflatoxin present; however, pH, proteins, and inorganic nutrients have been reported to play a role in decreasing the sequestering capacity of AF (Lemke et al, 2001;Moschini et al, 2008;Trckova et al, 2014;Barrientos-Velazquez et al, 2016). Barrientos-Velazquez et al (2016) reported that when artificial gastric fluid was introduced to an in vitro system, the adsorption of AF was reduced by 60% using bentonite.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of clay after an aflatoxin challenge on aflatoxin clearance, milk production, and metabolism of Holstein cows

Sulzberger

Melnichenko²,

Cardoso

2017

Journal of Dairy Science

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Oral supplementation of clay to dairy cattle has been reported to reduce toxicity of aflatoxin (AF) in contaminated feed. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of 3 concentrations of dietary clay supplementation in response to an AF challenge. Ten multiparous rumen-cannulated Holstein cows [body weight (mean ± SD) = 669 ± 20 kg and 146 ± 69 d in milk], were assigned to 1 of 5 treatments in a randomized replicated 5 × 5 Latin square design balanced to measure carryover effects. Periods (21 d) were divided in an adaptation phase (d 1 to 14) and a measurement phase (d 15 to 21). From d 15 to 17, cows received an AF challenge. The challenge consisted of 100 μg of aflatoxin B (AFB)/kg of dietary dry matter intake (DMI). The material was fitted into 10-mL gelatin capsules and administered into the rumen through a rumen-cannula based on the average DMI obtained on d 12 to 14. Treatments were no clay plus an AF challenge (POS); 3 different concentrations of clay (0.5, 1, or 2% of dietary DMI) plus an AF challenge; and a control consisting of no clay and no AF challenge (C). Statistical analysis was performed using the MIXED procedure of SAS (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC). Two contrasts, CONT1 (POS vs. C) and CONT2 (POS vs. the average of 0.5, 1, and 2% clay), were compared along with the linear and quadratic treatment effects (POS, 0.5%, 1%, 2%). Cows supplemented with clay had lower AF excretion in milk as aflatoxin M (AFM; 0.5% = 20.83 μg/d, 1% = 22.82 μg/d, and 2% = 16.51 μg/d) and AF transfer from rumen fluid to milk (AFM 0.5% = 1.01%, 1% = 0.98%, and 2% = 0.74%) compared with cows in POS (AFM = 27.81 μg/d and AF transfer = 1.37%, CONT2). Similarly, concentrations of AFM in milk (0.5% = 0.35 μg/kg, 1% = 0.30 μg/kg, 2% = 0.25 μg/kg), AFB in feces (0.5% = 1.79 μg/g, 1% = 1.52 μg/kg, 2% = 1.48 μg/kg), and AFB in rumen fluid (0.5% = 0.05 μg/kg, 1% = 0.02 μg/kg, 2% = 0.02 μg/kg) were reduced in cows fed clay compared with POS (0.43 μg/kg, 2.78 μg/kg, and 0.10 μg/kg, respectively, CONT2). Cows supplemented with clay tended to have lower 3.5% fat-corrected milk [0.5% = 38.2 kg, 1% = 39.3 kg, 2% = 38.4 kg, standard error of the mean (SEM) = 1.8] than cows in POS (41.3 kg; SEM = 1.8; CONT2). Plasma superoxide dismutase (SOD) concentration tended to be lower for cows fed clay in the diet (0.5% = 2.16 U/mL, 1% = 1.90 U/mL, 2% = 2.3 U/mL; SEM = 0.3) than for cows in POS (2.72 U/mL; CONT2). Additionally, when cows were exposed to AF without clay in the diet, plasma concentrations of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) decreased from 84.23 (C) to 79.17 (POS) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) decreased from 91.02 (C) to 75.81 (POS). In conclusion, oral supplementation of clay reduced the transfer of AF from the rumen to milk and feces.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of clay after an aflatoxin challenge on aflatoxin clearance, milk production, and metabolism of Holstein cows

Sulzberger

Melnichenko²,

Cardoso

2017

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…Despite decreased RBC and globulin values with inclusion of RDP, all results were found to be within the normal ranges for weaned pigs, as reported previously [45][46][47][48]. The difference in values over time were considered as normal owing to the pig developmental stage [40].…”

Section: Physical and Chemical Properties Of The Bloodsupporting

confidence: 78%

Effect of increasing levels of rice distillers’ by-product on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profile and colonic microbiota of weaned piglets

Cong

Taminiau

Kim

et al. 2020

Asian-Australas J Anim Sci

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Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of diets containing different wet rice distillers’ by-product (RDP) levels on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profiles and gut microbiome of weaned piglets.Methods: A total of 48 weaned castrated male crossbred pigs, initial body weight 7.54±0.97 kg, and age about 4 wks, were used in this experiment. The piglets were randomly allocated into three iso-nitrogenous diet groups that were fed either a control diet, a diet with 15% RDP, or a diet with 30% RDP for a total of 35 days. Chromium oxide was used for apparent digestibility measurements. On d 14 and d 35, half of the piglets were randomly selected for hemato-biochemical and gut microbiota evaluations.Results: Increasing inclusion levels of RDP tended to linearly increase (p≤0.07) average daily gain on d 14 and d 35, and decreased (p = 0.08) feed conversion ratio on d 35. Empty stomach weight increased (p = 0.03) on d 35 while digestibility of diet components decreased. Serum globulin concentration decreased on d 14 (p = 0.003) and red blood cell count tended to decrease (p = 0.06) on d 35, parallel to increase RDP levels. Gene amplicon profiling of 16S rRNA revealed that the colonic microbiota composition of weaned pigs changed by inclusion of RDP over the period. On d 14, decreased proportions of Lachnospiraceae_ge, Ruminococcaceae_ge, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005, and Bacteroidales_ge, and increased proportions of Prevotellaceae_ge, Prevotella_2, and Prevotella_9 were found with inclusion of RDP, whereas opposite effect was found on d 35. Additionally, the proportion of Lachnospiraceae_ge, Ruminococcaceae_ge, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005, and Bacteroidales_ge in RDP diets decreased over periods in control diet but increased largely in diet with 30% RDP.Conclusion: These results indicate that RDP in a favorable way modulate gastrointestinal microbiota composition and improve piglet performance despite a negative impact on digestibility of lipids and gross energy.

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“…Clay minerals have also demonstrated their utility against bacteria, mycotoxins and metal absorption in livestock, such as chickens and piglets (Cabañero et al, 2005;Trckova et al, 2014;Wang et al, 2012b).…”

Section: Animal Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicological evaluation of clay minerals and derived nanocomposites: A review

Maisanaba

Pichardo

Puerto

et al. 2015

Environmental Research

194

125

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The effect of dietary bentonite on post-weaning diarrhoea, growth performance and blood parameters of weaned piglets

Cited by 8 publications

References 41 publications

Effects of clay after an aflatoxin challenge on aflatoxin clearance, milk production, and metabolism of Holstein cows

Effects of clay after an aflatoxin challenge on aflatoxin clearance, milk production, and metabolism of Holstein cows

Effect of increasing levels of rice distillers’ by-product on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profile and colonic microbiota of weaned piglets

Toxicological evaluation of clay minerals and derived nanocomposites: A review

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