The Effect of Different Growth Hormone Administration Frequencies on Growth in Growth Hormone-Deficient Patients

Luca, F.; Bernasconi, Sergio; Arrigo, Teresa; Gurrado, R.; Zecchino, C.

doi:10.1159/000053091

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The results of the study confirm our previous findings that baseline serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels in infants with NOFTT are not different from the age-matched controls [31]. We therefore suggest that serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 concentrations cannot be used as an index of nutritional status or a marker for faborable response to nutritional supplementation in infants.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Zinc Supplementation Increases the Level of Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I but Does Not Promote Growth in Infants with Nonorganic Failure to Thrive

Hershkovitz

Printzman²,

Segev³

et al. 1999

Horm Res Paediatr

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We investigated in a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study the effects of zinc supplementation (2 mg/kg/day) for 12 weeks on growth, serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and insulin-like factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) on 3- to 9-month-old infants with nonorganic failure to thrive (NOFTT). 25 infants completed the study, 14 received zinc supplementation (group A), and 11 received placebo (group B). The control group for baseline measurements was composed of 10 age-matched normal growing infants. There were no significant changes in weight for age, length for age, or weight for length during the entire study period in either group A or B. Serum IGF-I levels at baseline were similar in all the groups. After 12 weeks of therapy, serum IFG-I levels increased significantly only in the zinc-supplemented group, from 40.3 ± 7 ng/ml at baseline to 65 ± 8 ng/ml (p < 0.05). There was a marked difference in serum IGF-I levels between the zinc-supplemented group and the placebo group after 12 weeks: 65 ± 8 vs. 49.4 ± 5 ng/ml (p = 0.058, 95% CI of difference 9.88–21.31). No change was demonstrated in serum IGFBP-3 levels in either study group. We conclude that although zinc supplementation increased serum IGF-I levels, it did not improve the growth parameters of infants with NOFTT.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Zinc Supplementation Increases the Level of Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I but Does Not Promote Growth in Infants with Nonorganic Failure to Thrive

Hershkovitz

Printzman²,

Segev³

et al. 1999

Horm Res Paediatr

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“…Our results are reassuring with regard to the treatment of children and adolescents in whom levels of adherence are often suboptimal; the dose increase prescribed by the physician might compensate (at least in part) for the poor adherence, provided that the mean daily dose of rhGH is high enough. In agreement with our findings, several studies have shown that for an rhGH dose of 0.03 mg/kg.d, three injections a week were as effective as six or seven a week ( 26 , 27 ). However, another study concluded that daily injections were superior ( 28 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Yearly Height Gain Is Dependent on the Truly Received Dose of Growth Hormone and the Duration of Periods of Poor Adherence: Practical Lessons From the French Easypod™ Connect Multicenter Observational Study

Coutant

Nicolino²,

Cammas

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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ObjectiveTo study the impact of the true mean daily dose and the true mean number of injections per week on the yearly height gain in short children treated with recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH).Design and Methods220 children from the French Easypod™ Connect Observational Study (ECOS) used the Easypod™ electronic device to record rhGH injections. The mean daily rhGH dose (the sum of the doses truly received divided by the number of days) and mean number of injections per week (the number of injections truly performed divided by the number of weeks) were calculated. Linear mixed models were used to study the impact of short (3-month) and long (1-year) variations in rhGH administration on the yearly height change [as a standard deviation score (SDS)], with time on treatment as a covariate. For each patient, several periods of 3 or 12 months were considered and designated as poorly adherence or fully adherence. We studied the impact of each of period on the height change.ResultsAt treatment initiation, the mean ± SD age was 9.8 ± 3.7 years (females: 47%, prepubertal: 86%) and the mean height was -2.28 ± 0.92 SDS. The mean treatment duration was 3.2 ± 1.1 years (685.2 patient years). 122 patients were GH-deficient, 79 were small for gestational age, and 19 had Turner syndrome. When treatment was computed over 12-month periods, receiving a mean daily dose <0.03 mg/kg.d was associated with a 20% lower mean yearly height gain SDS when<3 injections/week were received (vs.>5 injections/week), whereas maintaining a mean daily dose >0.03 mg/kg.d with<3 injections/week was not associated with a lower yearly height gain SDS (vs.>5 injections/week). For 3-month periods, changes in the daily rhGH dose or the number of injections per week over such short period did not influence the yearly height gain SDS.ConclusionThe 12-month treatment model showed that when poor adherence leads to a low true daily GH dose, the yearly height gain is low. The 3-month treatment model showed that poor adherence for short periods (<3 months) had no impact on the height SDS.

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“…These results are in agreement with the study of Smith et al, who demonstrated no difference in auxological parameters after 12 months of GHT in GHD children receiving GH three or six days a week or twice daily six days a week, assessing the main role played by the GH dose and not by the regimen of administration [14]. Similar results were shown a few years later by Cavallo et al, who observed no difference in auxological parameters during the 3 times/week treatment schedule started during the follow-up in already treated GHD children compared to the previous 6 times/week schedule [15]. The comparable auxological effect of the 2 regimens of GHT has also been demonstrated in patients with Turner syndrome randomized to 3 or 6 times weekly GHT [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…The clinical outcomes of daily versus TIW GH administration were already studied many years ago. The TIW regimen seems to produce similar effects to those of daily injections in both adults and children with GHD [13–15], although several studies have reported that the daily GH administration in children was more effective than TIW dosing on linear growth [16, 17]. However, to date, the metabolic effects of GHT given in an alternative regimen in GHD patients have only been evaluated in adults and never in children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

More Favorable Metabolic Impact of Three-Times-Weekly versus Daily Growth Hormone Treatment in Naïve GH-Deficient Children

Ciresi

Cicciò

Radellini

et al. 2017

International Journal of Endocrinology

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Objective To evaluate whether two different regimens of weekly injections could lead to similar auxological and metabolic effects in children with growth hormone deficiency (GHD). Design 32 GHD children (25 males, mean age 10.5 ± 2.2 yr) were randomly assigned to receive daily (group A, 16 patients) or TIW (group B, 16 patients) GHT for 12 months. Methods Auxological parameters, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), glucose and insulin during OGTT, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid profile, the oral disposition index (DIo), the homeostasis model assessment estimate of insulin resistance (Homa-IR), and the insulin sensitivity index (ISI). Results After 12 months, both groups showed a significant and comparable improvement in height (p < 0.001) and IGF-I (p < 0.001). As regards the metabolic parameters, in both groups, we found a significant increase in fasting insulin (p < 0.001 and p = 0.026) and Homa-IR (p < 0.001 and p = 0.019). A significant increase in fasting glucose (p = 0.001) and a decrease in ISI (p < 0.001) and DIo (p = 0.002) were only found in group A. Conclusions The TIW regimen is effective and comparable with the daily regimen in improving auxological parameters and has a more favorable metabolic impact in GHD children. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03033121.

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The Effect of Different Growth Hormone Administration Frequencies on Growth in Growth Hormone-Deficient Patients

Cited by 7 publications

References 25 publications

Zinc Supplementation Increases the Level of Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I but Does Not Promote Growth in Infants with Nonorganic Failure to Thrive

Zinc Supplementation Increases the Level of Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I but Does Not Promote Growth in Infants with Nonorganic Failure to Thrive

Yearly Height Gain Is Dependent on the Truly Received Dose of Growth Hormone and the Duration of Periods of Poor Adherence: Practical Lessons From the French Easypod™ Connect Multicenter Observational Study

More Favorable Metabolic Impact of Three-Times-Weekly versus Daily Growth Hormone Treatment in Naïve GH-Deficient Children

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