The effect of differing support surfaces on the efficacy of chest compressions using a resuscitation manikin model

Tweed, Michael; Tweed, Carol; Perkins, Gavin D.

doi:10.1016/s0300-9572(01)00404-x

Cited by 56 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…These results may explain why some studies in literature report that hard, rigid surfaces (such as a backboard) can enhance CC performance during CPR, 5,8,11,12 while other studies report that backboards do not significantly improve CC quality. [13][14][15] To provide further support for this inference, we can compare the slopes of the best-fit lines through the data reported by Nishisaki et al 12 and Perkins et al…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Work by Boe and Babbs, 8 Andersen et al, 11 Nishisaki et al, 12 and Noordergraaf et al 5 indicate that soft, nonrigid supporting surfaces may degrade CPR CC performance, while hard, rigid surfaces (such as provided by a backboard) can enhance CPR performance by increasing the depth of CC and length of time over which CC is performed. In contrast, studies by Tweed et al 13 and Perkins et al 14,15 suggest that the presence of a backboard provides a comparable level of back support to a mattress and consequently does not significantly improve CC quality during CPR.…”

mentioning

confidence: 90%

“…6 Many studies have been performed by different researchers to investigate various hemodynamic and mechanical aspects of the application of CCs during CPR. 3,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] In spite of this, there are several key facets of CPR that are not yet well understood. Currently, there is considerable active debate in the literature over the benefit or detriment of back support on the effectiveness of CPR.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Experimental Chest Compression Data to a Theoretical Model for the Mechanics of Constant Peak Displacement Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

Cloete

Dellimore

Scheffer

2011

Academic Emergency Medicine

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Objectives: The objective was to validate an existing theoretical model for the mechanics of constant peak displacement cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) using experimental data taken using various back support surfaces at different chest compression (CC) rates.Methods: A CPR simulator was used to perform constant peak displacement CC on a weighted fullbody CPR training manikin supported on surfaces of varying stiffness at different CC rates. The net sternum-to-spine displacement, combined chest and mattress displacement, and axial reaction force were measured during each test. The experimental results were compared to theoretical predictions from the constant peak displacement CPR model. Results:The theoretical model predictions matched the experimental data to within a mean difference of 11.7% at a CC rate of 42 compressions per minute (cpm), 10.0% at a CC rate of 60 cpm, and 10.1% at a CC rate of 96 cpm, for a target maximum sternal displacement of 5.0 cm. The model predictions also show that when the back support stiffness is less than 250 N ⁄ cm, the benefit of using a backboard is greater than for stiffer support surfaces.Conclusions: Good quantitative agreement between the experimental data and the theoretical model suggests that the constant peak displacement CPR model provides reasonable prediction of CC mechanics during CPR over a wide range of CC rates. Conflicts in the literature are also explained by showing that backboards can significantly enhance CPR CC performance when the back support stiffness is less than 250 N ⁄ cm, while for surfaces with higher stiffness, the benefit of using a backboard is reduced.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

mentioning

confidence: 90%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Experimental Chest Compression Data to a Theoretical Model for the Mechanics of Constant Peak Displacement Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

Cloete

Dellimore

Scheffer

2011

Academic Emergency Medicine

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“…A somewhat arbitrary threshold of >90 per cent of compressions recorded as correct, has been used in previous studies of CPR performance. 4 The study was undertaken at three different venues (University oral health centre, public dental health clinic and dental product showroom) on three separate days in an attempt to accommodate possible structural/access differences in dental chairs that might impact on the performance of CPR. The dental chairs available at the first two venues are representative of the chairs available to Western Australian dentists and are used in the undergraduate training programme of the university and in the public dental health system.…”

Section: S C I E N T I F I C a R T I C L Ementioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Therefore, it is not surprising that efforts have been made to elucidate factors that maximize the output from CPR, including consideration of the effect of support surfaces such as mattresses on the efficacy of chest compressions. 3,4 Indeed, the International Guidelines for CPR and Emergency Cardiac Care state that 'the victim must be in the horizontal, supine position on a firm surface during chest compressions to optimize the effect of the compressions and blood flow to the brain'. 5 It was probably this concern about the efficacy of ECC that led to early recommendations that in the event of a cardiac arrest the dental patient should be moved to the floor rather than performing CPR in the dental chair.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of cardiopulmonary resuscitation performed in a dental chair

Lepere

Finn

Jacobs

2003

Australian Dental Journal

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Background: Within the dental setting, historically there has been some concern as to whether cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) can be performed effectively in the dental chair. This study tested the hypothesis that there is no difference in the efficacy of CPR performed in the dental chair or on the floor. Methods: Four cycles of two‐person CPR were performed by three health professionals on a manikin positioned alternately on the floor and in a dental chair. Ventilation was performed using a Laerdal pocket mask, without oxygen supplementation. Compression and ventilation performance was recorded using a computerized manikin skill meter. Results: Each of the participants was able to achieve a mean cardiac compression depth of between 41 and 50cm, irrespective of the CPR surface. The only statistically significant difference found in expired air resuscitation (EAR) and external cardiac compression performance was that 37 per cent of ventilations performed on the floor were deemed to be too shallow, compared to only 15 per cent in the dental chair (p=0.001). Conclusions: It is possible for those trained in basic life support to perform CPR effectively in the dental chair. Each of the participants agreed that CPR, in particular EAR, was easier to perform when the manikin was in the dental chair compared with the floor. Dentists are encourage to regularly update their CPR knowledge and skills, including the practice of CPR in the dental chair.

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Do different mattresses affect the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation?

et al. 2003

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Resuscitation performance is adversely affected when performed on a bed (irrespective of mattress type) compared to the floor. There were no differences between the inflated and deflated mattresses, although the deflation process did not adversely affect performance. This study does not support the routine deflation of an inflated mattress during resuscitation and questions the potential benefits from using a backboard. The finding that bed height affects maximal compression forces, challenges the recommendation that cardiopulmonary resuscitation be performed with the bed at middle-thigh level and requires further investigation.

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The effect of differing support surfaces on the efficacy of chest compressions using a resuscitation manikin model

Cited by 56 publications

References 21 publications

Comparison of Experimental Chest Compression Data to a Theoretical Model for the Mechanics of Constant Peak Displacement Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

Comparison of Experimental Chest Compression Data to a Theoretical Model for the Mechanics of Constant Peak Displacement Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

Efficacy of cardiopulmonary resuscitation performed in a dental chair

Do different mattresses affect the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation?

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