The effect of display timing on change blindness in pigeons (<i>Columba livia</i>)

Herbranson, Walter T.; Davis, Eva T.

doi:10.1002/jeab.175

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Overall, subjects detected changes significantly more accurately with the longest search display (5,000 ms), followed closely by the second longest search display (2,500 ms), than the shorter search displays (250 ms, 500 ms, 1,000 ms). These results are in line with change detection findings from humans (Pashler, 1988), chimpanzees (Tomonaga & Imura, 2015), and pigeons (Herbranson & Davis, 2016) and suggest that the monkeys performed better when they had longer to encode the stimulus into their visual working memory, likely resulting in a stronger memory trace of the stimulus than when presented with shorter search displays.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

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Capuchin (Sapajus [Cebus] apella) Change Detection

Leinwand

Brosnan

2019

IJCP

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Change blindness is a phenomenon in which individuals fail to detect seemingly obvious changes in their visual fields. Like humans, several animal species have also been shown to exhibit change blindness; however, no species of New World monkey has been tested to date. Nine capuchins (Sapajus [Cebus] apella) were trained to select whether or not a stimulus changed on a computerized task. In four phases of testing, consisting of full image changes, subtle occlusion changes, and two levels of feature location changes, the search display and mask durations were systematically varied to determine whether capuchins experienced change blindness and in what contexts. Only the full image change test yielded significant results, with subjects detecting changes most accurately with longer search displays and, perplexingly, least accurately when there was no mask. No interactions between search display and mask durations were found in any test phase, suggesting that the relationship between the two parameters may not be important to how capuchins perceive changes. While it is possible that capuchins do not experience change blindness, we suspect that a mix of experimental design, the difficulty of the task, and the inability to verify how closely the subjects attended to each trial contributed to the lack of significant results

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Recently, pigeons (Columba livia) have also been found to exhibit change blindness. Herbranson and Davis (2016) varied the duration of the search display between 15 ms and 125 ms, with a 30-ms mask used on half of all trials. They found that pigeons performed better with no mask and longer search displays.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Capuchin (Sapajus [Cebus] apella) Change Detection

Leinwand

Brosnan

2019

IJCP

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“…No que se refere às pesquisas empíricas acerca do fenômeno da cegueira de mudança, apesar de também existirem trabalhos em uma perspectiva operante, sobretudo com animais (Herbranson, Trinh, Arand, Barker, Pratt, 2014;Herbranson, 2015;Herbranson & Davis, 2016), nas pesquisas com humanos, os estudos são amplamente baseados em uma perspectiva cognitivista. Um dos procedimentos mais tipicamente empregados na investigação desse fenômeno é o flicker task, anteriormente mencionado, que pode ser traduzido como tarefa de imagens intermitentes (e.g., Cohen, 2009;Maccari, et al, 2012;Rensink et.…”

Section: Fundamentação Teóricaunclassified

Cegueira de mudanças: o efeito do reforçamento na detecção de mudanças de interesse central e marginal em universitários medicados e não-medicados portadores de TDAH

Ames¹,

Cavalcanti²

2022

PIC

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Este relatório teve como objetivo principal compreender como as consequências ambientais podem influenciar o fenômeno da cegueira de mudanças, sobretudo quando relacionado ao TDAH. Mais especificamento, visou verificar o efeito do reforçamento no comportamento de identificar mudanças de interesse central e marginal no ambiente em indivíduos com TDAH. Para isso, 18 participantes foram divididos em 3 grupos: um grupo controle, um grupo com diagnóstico de TDAH não-medicado, e outro com TDAH e medicado. Os participantes foram individualmente submetidos a uma Tarefa de Imagens Intermitentes, na qual pares de imagens idênticos excetos por uma modificação entre eles de interesse central ou marginal se intercalavam repetidamente. Na atividade, os participantes foram requisitados a identificar as mudanças o mais rapidamente possível. Devido ao uso de um delineamento ABC, a atividade conteve três condições. Na condição A não houve qualquer reforçamento para o comportamento de identificar mudanças, na fase B os participantes foram reforçados conforme o seu desempenho ao final da atividade, e na fase C o reforço foi disponibilizado de modo contingente às respostas. Em cada condição, os participantes avaliavam 16 imagens, metade com mudanças de interesse central e metade mudanças de interesse marginal. Cada aplicação foi gravada para uma posterior mensuração de seus tempos de reação. Foi verificado que o uso do reforço entre as condições A e B e A e C exerceu uma influência significativa no desempenho tanto do grupo neurotípico quanto dos grupos medicado e não-medicado com TDAH, indicando que a inserção do reforço pode resultar em uma melhora no comportamento de atenção ao identificar mudanças em cenas contextuais. Além disso, foi identificado um melhor desempenho, em todos os grupos, na identificação de mudanças em imagens de interesse central em relação às imagens de interesse marginal, indicando uma atuação mais intensa do reforço nos padrões de discriminação em mudanças de interesse central.

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“…The extent of the similarity of nonhuman animal memory systems and human memory systems is largely unexplored. Comparative research has demonstrated qualitative similarities between the working memory of humans and of nonhuman primates, and to a lesser extent, pigeons (Elmore et al, 2011;Gibson et al, 2011;Herbranson & Davis, 2016;Wright et al, 2010). Studies using nonhuman primates have reported evidence for iconic memory at short delays, and the temporal boundaries of iconic and working memory were comparable with those of humans (Keysers et al, 2005;Truppa et al, 2014).…”

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confidence: 99%

Properties of iconic and visuospatial working memory in pigeons and humans using a location change-detection procedure

et al. 2022

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Tests of visuospatial memory following short (<1 s) and medium (1 to 30 s) delays have revealed characteristically different patterns of behavior in humans. These data have been interpreted as evidence for different memory systems operating during short (iconic memory) and long delays (working memory). Leising et al. (2019, Behavioural Processes, 169, Article 103957 ) found evidence for both systems in pigeons and humans completing a location change-detection task using a visual mask that disrupted accuracy following a short (100 ms), but not a long (1,000 ms) delay. Another common finding is that adding to-be-remembered items should disrupt accuracy after a long, but not short, delay. Experiments 1a and 1b reported this memory system crossover effect in pigeons and people, respectively, tested on location change detection with delays of 0, 100, and 1,000 ms and displays of two to 16 items. Experiments 2a and 2b reported that the color of the items had little (pigeons) or no (humans) effect on change-detection accuracy. Pigeons tested in Experiment 3 with longer delays (2,000, 4,000, and 8,000 ms) and large set sizes demonstrated the crossover effect with most displays but did not demonstrate an abrupt drop in accuracy characteristic of iconic memory. In Experiment 4, accuracy with novel types of change (color, shape, and size) was better after a 0-ms delay and above-chance levels on color and shape trials. These data demonstrate the memory system crossover effect in both humans and pigeons and expand our knowledge of the properties of memory systems across species.

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The effect of display timing on change blindness in pigeons (Columba livia)

Cited by 11 publications

References 25 publications

Capuchin (Sapajus [Cebus] apella) Change Detection

Capuchin (Sapajus [Cebus] apella) Change Detection

Cegueira de mudanças: o efeito do reforçamento na detecção de mudanças de interesse central e marginal em universitários medicados e não-medicados portadores de TDAH

Properties of iconic and visuospatial working memory in pigeons and humans using a location change-detection procedure

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