The Effect of Distillation Temperature in Liquid Smoke Purification Process: A Review

Yulistiani, Fitria; Husna, Asmaul; Fuadah, R; Keryanti,; Sihombing, Rony Pasonang; Permanasari, Ayu Ratna; Wibisono, W

doi:10.2991/aer.k.201221.088

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…It can be seen from the discoloration from dark brown to clearer and the aroma to be weak from the strong and pungent. The main components of liquid smoke are water, a group of phenol compounds, acids, and carbonyls [4].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Liquid smoke is obtained from the combustion or pyrolysis of biomass waste such as cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin compounds which are antibacterial, antioxidant, and antimicrobial, where the liquid smoke contains phenol compounds, carbonyl, acids, alcohols, esters, and furan [3]. Phenols result from the decomposition of lignin, and acids from the degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose into furan [4]. These compounds are able to prevent the formation of spores and the formation of bacteria and fungi that act as natural preservatives that are good for health [5], and also have antioxidant and anti-microbial properties [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Purification of pecan shell liquid smoke using the distillation method to separate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)

Hasibuan,

Pane,

Sianipar

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Pecan (Carya illinoinensis) is one of the macadamia nuts that is used as a source of oil and spices. Its shell is an organic waste that is not utilized optimally. Pecan shells can be the raw material to produce liquid smoke to minimize waste. Liquid smoke obtained from the pyrolysis pecan shell contains antibacterial and antioxidant compounds. Liquid smoke purification is performed to remove polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and tar to obtain clear yellow liquid smoke. The purification is carried out by a distillation process with temperature variations of 150 °C, 175 °C, and 200 °C. The distillation process time is varied by 30, 60, and 90 minutes. The phenol, acid, and carbonyl components determine the characteristics of pecan shell liquid smoke. At 175°C and 90 minutes, the best phenol content was 15.53%. Acid content of 7.65% was obtained at 175°C and 90 minutes. While the carbonyl content of 14.44% was obtained at 125°C for 60 minutes. Determination of liquid smoke quality by utilizing the distillation method produces grade 1 liquid smoke at 175°C for 90 minutes, grade 2 at 200°C for 30 minutes, and grade 3 at 200°C for 90 minutes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification of pecan shell liquid smoke using the distillation method to separate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)

Hasibuan,

Pane,

Sianipar

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…This shows that coconut shell liquid smoke has more TAR content and other impurities compared to kusambi liquid smoke. The distillation product of liquid smoke produces yellow liquid smoke because, in the separation process between Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) and liquid smoke, there is a small portion of TAR that cannot settle to be eliminated and eventually dissolves with the liquid smoke [34].…”

Section: Color B*mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Filtration Methods of Various Types of Adsorbents on the Quality of Coconut Shell and Kusambi Liquid Smoke as Raw Materials for Processed Meat Smoking

Wibowo

Susilo

Rosyidi

2023

AFSJ

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In this study, there were two groups, namely liquid smoke of kusambi and liquid smoke of coconut shells with various treatments of adsorbent filtration with 3 replications. There are three kind of treatment for each liquid smoke groups, first is liquid smoke without filtration process with adsorbent, liquid smoke with zeolite adsorbent treatment, liquid smoke with silica adsorbent treatment, and liquid smoke with activated charcoal adsorbent treatment. Analysis of variance showed that different types of liquid smoke and different adsorbent filtration had a very significant effect (P0.01) on antioxidants, total acid, specific gravity, tar, phenol content, pH, salinity, TDS, total yield, L* and b* color, hedonic color and smokey scent in the resulting liquid smoke. Analysis of variance showed that the different types of liquid smoke had no significant effect (P0.05), but the filtration treatment with different adsorbents had a very significant effect (P0.01) on viscosity. And the analysis of variance also showed that the different types of liquid smoke and the filtration of different adsorbents had no significant effect (P0.05) on the color a* of the resulting liquid smoke. The differences in the types of liquid smoke and the treatment of liquid smoke filtration with adsorbents had a very significant effect (P0 .01) on antioxidant, total acid, specific gravity, tar, phenol content, pH, salinity, TDS, total yield, L* and b* color, hedonic color, and smoke aroma in the liquid smoke produced. However, the different types of liquid smoke did not have a significant effect on the resulting viscosity (P0.05) and the different types of adsorbents in the liquid smoke filtration process had a very significant effect on the viscosity (P0.01). Meanwhile, the different types of liquid smoke and the different types of adsorbents in the liquid smoke filtration process did not have a significant effect on the value of the color a* or the reddish color of the liquid smoke (P0.05).

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“…Karbonil dan fenol merupakan komponen yang mempengaruhi warna serta bau dari asap cair (Girard,1992). Warna asap cair juga dapat dijadikan indikasi konsentrasi adanya tar, warna kuning dan jernih merupakan salah satu indikasi tidak ada kandungan tar dalam asap cair (Yulistiani et al, 2020). Warna optimal diperoleh pada filtrasi menggunaakan karbon aktif yang menghasilkan asap cair berwarna jernih, ini dimungkinkan karena tingginya luas permukaan karbon aktif, sehingga komponen zat warna yang ada dalam asap cair dapat terserap secara optimum.…”

Section: Karakter Fisik Asap Cair Crude Dan Hasil Pemurnianunclassified

Efektivitas Pemurnian Asap Cair Biomassa Serbuk Gergaji dengan Distilasi, Adsorpsi Zeolite dan Karbon Aktif

Rizal¹,

Suryani²,

Anwar³

et al. 2022

J selulosa

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Effectiveness of Liquid Smoke Purification of Sawdust by using Distillation Method, Zeolite and Active Carbon AdsorptionAbstractLiquid smoke is a product resulting from the pyrolysis of biomass under conditions of minimal oxygen. The compounds of liquid smoke is influenced by the type of biomass, water content, process temperature and the length of pyrolysis time. In general, liquid smoke is dark brown in color with an acidic and has a unique aroma and taste, depending on the type of biomass. Liquid smoke chemical compounds characterize organoleptic, antimicrobial and antioxidant, in addition to functional compounds sometimes also produce harmful compounds such as a group of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds, and 2-propanone, 2-butanone, cyclopentanone which are toxic or carcinogenic. Crude liquid smoke may contain several mixtures of hazardous compounds depending on the process conditions, so it cannot be directly applied to food products. To get quality liquid smoke, it is necessary to carry out a purification process to reduce or eliminate harmful compounds. Methods that have been widely applied include distillation and adsorption processes. This study aims to measure the effectiveness of zeolite and activated carbon in the purification of liquid smoke with mixed sawdust biomass as raw material. Liquid smoke is purified by distillation, and adsorption with several adsorbents. The results obtained indicate that the liquid smoke still contains 2-propanone ,2-butanone and cyclopentanone. Zeolite ZG2 showed the best effectiveness in removing the three harmful compounds, while ZK1and Cca still left 2-propanone in liquid smoke. Thus zeolite ZG2 is effective as an absorbent in the purification of liquid smokeKeywords: Liquid Smoke, Adsorption, Biomass, Sawdust Abstrak Asap cair adalah produk yang dihasilkan dari pirolisis biomassa pada kondisi minim oksigen. Komposisi senyawa asap cair dipengaruhi oleh jenis biomassa, kadar air, dan suhu proses serta lama waktu pirolisis. Pada umumnya asap cair berwarna cokelat tua dengan pH asam dan memiliki aroma serta rasa yang unik, tergantung dari jenis biomassanya. Senyawa kimia asap cair mencirikan sifat organoleptik, antimikroba dan antioksidan, selain senyawa fungsional terkadang juga menghasilkan senyawa berbahaya seperti kelompok senyawa Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, dan 2-propanone, 2-butanone, cyclopentanone yang bersifat toksik atau karsinogenik. Asap cair crude dimungkinkan terdapat beberapa campuran senyawa berbahaya tergantung dari kondisi prosesnya, sehingga tidak dapat secara langsung diaplikasikan untuk produk pangan. Untuk mendapatkan asap cair berkualita perlu dilakukan proses pemurnian untuk mengurangi atau menghilangkan senyawa berbahayanya. Metode yang telah banyak diaplikasikan antara lain dengan proses distilasi dan adsorpsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengukur efektifitas zeolite dan karbon aktif dalam pemurnian asap cair dengan bahan baku biomasa serbuk gergaji campuran. Asap cair di lakukan pemurnian dengan destilasi, dan adsorpsi dengan beberapa adsorben. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa asap cair masih mengandung 2-propanone ,2-butanone dan cyclopentanone. ZG2 menunjukkan efektifitas yang paling baik mampu menghilangkan ketiga senyawa berbahaya tersebut sedangkan ZK1 dan Cca masih menyisakan 2-propanone dalam asap cair. Dengan demikian zeolite ZG2 efektif sebagai absorben dalam pemurnian asap cair Kata kunci : Asap Cair, Adsorpsi, biomassa, serbuk gergaji kayu

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The Effect of Distillation Temperature in Liquid Smoke Purification Process: A Review

Cited by 5 publications

References 3 publications

Purification of pecan shell liquid smoke using the distillation method to separate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)

Purification of pecan shell liquid smoke using the distillation method to separate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)

Effect of Filtration Methods of Various Types of Adsorbents on the Quality of Coconut Shell and Kusambi Liquid Smoke as Raw Materials for Processed Meat Smoking

Efektivitas Pemurnian Asap Cair Biomassa Serbuk Gergaji dengan Distilasi, Adsorpsi Zeolite dan Karbon Aktif

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