The effect of elastic stress and relaxation on crystal nucleation in lithium disilicate glass

Schmelzer, Jürn W. P.; Potapov, O. V.; Fokin, Vladimir M.; Müller, Ralf; Reinsch, Stefan

doi:10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2003.10.002

Cited by 42 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…where ν was the Poisson's ratio of lithium disilicate glass-ceramic [47][48][49], and ν i and E i were the Poisson's ratio (0.07) and elastic modulus (1141 GPa) of the Berkovich indenter, respectively. The nanoindentation hardness was obtained from the indentation load divided by the projected contact area, A (nm 2 ),…”

Section: Fracture Toughnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural evolution and physical behavior of a lithium disilicate glass–ceramic

et al. 2015

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Section: Fracture Toughnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural evolution and physical behavior of a lithium disilicate glass–ceramic

et al. 2015

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“…Such a situation is possible at temperatures lower than the so-called decoupling temperature T d ∼ 1.2 T g , when the StokesEinstein equation may no longer be valid, i.e., when the nucleation kinetics is not governed by viscous flow. A detailed analysis, performed for lithium disilicate glass, shows that elastic stresses may decrease the steady-state nucleation rate by up to two orders of magnitude [86]. In this analysis, the work of critical cluster formation in the absence of elastic stresses was determined following the classical nucleation theory.…”

Section: Effect Of Elastic Stresses On the Thermodynamic Barrier For mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nucleation and Crystallization Kinetics in Silicate Glasses: Theory and Experiment

Fokin

Yuritsyn

Zanotto

2005

Nucleation Theory and Applications

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All truths are easy to understand once they are discovered; the point is to discover them. Galileo GalileiExperimental data on internal homogeneous crystal nucleation in silicate glasses obtained in the last four decades are analyzed in detail in the framework of the classical nucleation theory (CNT). Despite the fact that reasonable qualitative interpretations of the temperature and time dependences of nucleation rates are given by CNT, it meets with serious problems in their quantitative description. Different reasons for this failure are tested and discussed. The main conclusion is that, in contrast to Gibbs' description of heterogeneous systems, the thermodynamic properties of critical nuclei which, to a large extent, govern nucleation kinetics, generally differ from those of the corresponding macrophase. A number of evidences based on the analysis of both crystal nucleation and growth data are given for a decreased thermodynamic driving force for crystallization and critical nuclei/liquid interfacial energy, as compared with the respective properties of the macro-phase. Special attention is devoted to the widespread and practically important type of heterogeneous nucleation -nucleation on glass surfaces. A comparative analysis of available data on surface and bulk nucleation rate data is performed. IntroductionGlasses can be defined as noncrystalline solids that, in the course of their preparation, undergo a process commonly denoted as glass transition. One of the most important (but not the only) ways of vitrification consists in supercooling a liquid suppressing crystallization. When a liquid is cooled down with sufficiently high rates, crystallization may occur to a very limited degree or be completely absent down to temperatures corresponding to very high viscosities in the range η ≥ 10 13 -10 12 Pa · s ∼ = η(T g ), where T g is defined as the glass transition temperature. Below this temperature, the viscosity is so high that large-scale atomic rearrangements in the system are no longer possible within the time-scale of the experiment, and the structure freezes-in, i.e., the structural rearrangements required to retain the liquid in the appropriate metastable equilibrium state cannot follow any more the changes of temperature. This process of freezing-in of the structure of an undercooled liquid is commonly denoted as glass transition and, as a result, the system is transformed into a glass. Typical glass-forming liquids, such as silicate melts, are commonly characterized by: (i) relatively high viscosities (η > 100 Pa · s) at the melting point (or liquidus), and (ii) a steep increase of the viscosity with decreasing temperature. These properties favor the process of transformation of a liquid into a glass. The above mechanism discussed leads to the conclusion that the glass structure is very similar to that of the parent (undercooled) liquid at temperatures near T g .

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“…However, in the temperature range below the decoupling temperature, T d , elastic stress effects may be of considerable importance. It follows that elastic stresses can be of significance both for critical crystallite nucleation -as shown earlier [5,6,15,16] -and for the description of crystal growth, in both cases, in the same range of temperatures, T 6 T d . Similarly, as for nucleation, the approach developed here allows one to account for a continuous transition from a behavior of the ambient phase typical for a Newtonian liquid (for temperatures at and above the temperature of decoupling) to a behavior typical for a Hookean solid (for temperatures near and below T g ).…”

Section: Decoupling Elastic Stresses and Crystal Growthmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…These theoretical arguments were then applied for the description of nucleation in lithium disilicate melts and were able to explain a number of effects which have not found a satisfactory explanation before [15,16]. It is thus of significant interest to extend the analysis of the possible effects of stresses on crystal growth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress development and relaxation during crystal growth in glass-forming liquids

Schmelzer

Zanotto

Avramov

et al. 2006

Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids

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The effect of elastic stress and relaxation on crystal nucleation in lithium disilicate glass

Cited by 42 publications

References 34 publications

Microstructural evolution and physical behavior of a lithium disilicate glass–ceramic

Microstructural evolution and physical behavior of a lithium disilicate glass–ceramic

Nucleation and Crystallization Kinetics in Silicate Glasses: Theory and Experiment

Stress development and relaxation during crystal growth in glass-forming liquids

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