The effect of electrode surface modification and cathode overpotential on deposit characteristics in aluminum electrorefining using EMIC–AlCl3 ionic liquid electrolyte

Pradhan, Debabrata; Mantha, D.; Reddy, Ramana G.

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2009.06.059

Cited by 58 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…As seen in Figure 5, the cathodic current density is plotted as a function of over-potential. The observed linear relationship indicates that the activation polarization causes current density to increase in section B [13].…”

Section: Electrochemical Reduction Of Zn In Urea/chcl Eutectic Mixturementioning

confidence: 73%

“…The calculated critical over-potential for dendrite formation of different metals are given in Table II [13,[26][27]. The critical over-potential is dependent on (1) temperature, (2) dendrite size, (3) exchange current density, and (4) diffusion rate.…”

Section: Effect Of Applied Cell Potential Difference On Microstructurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The instrument was controlled from a desktop computer using Power Suite (Princeton Applied Research) software to conduct the polarization studies. A thermometer was inserted in the solution to monitor the temperature [10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Electrodeposition Set-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Electrochemical Kinetics of Reduction of Zinc Oxide to Zinc Using 2:1 Urea/ChCl Ionic Liquid

Yang

Reddy

2015

Electrochimica Acta

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Section: Electrochemical Reduction Of Zn In Urea/chcl Eutectic Mixturementioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Effect Of Applied Cell Potential Difference On Microstructurementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Electrochemical Kinetics of Reduction of Zinc Oxide to Zinc Using 2:1 Urea/ChCl Ionic Liquid

Yang

Reddy

2015

Electrochimica Acta

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“…Aluminum dendrite formation has been observed, especially at high current density; 4,5 this phenomena can result in a short circuited cell.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Al plating/stripping on/from electrodes at room temperature has been investigated AlCl 3 /l-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (EMIC) electrolytes. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] The electrochemical reaction on the Al (negative) electrode is written as:…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemistry and Morphology Studies of Aluminum Plating/Stripping in a Chloroaluminate Ionic Liquid on Porous Carbon Materials

Zhang

Watson

Counce

et al. 2014

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Aluminum electrodeposition and electrodissolution in mixtures of AlCl 3 and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride on carbon paper electrodes consisting of graphitized fibers were investigated. Porous electrodes, such as carbon paper electrodes, often offer possible advantages such as higher nominal current densities and less dendrite formation, over solid planar electrodes. Cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry and pulse current deposition were used to investigate Al plating and stripping on this porous structure. The Al morphology on the carbon paper was probed using SEM. Composition and temperature affect the Al electrode performance through their influence on the diffusivity of ions. Therefore, control of the diffusion process during Al plating/stripping is essential. Aluminum (Al) is the third most abundant element in the Earth's crust 1 and has three transferable electrons leading to a large theoretical specific capacity (2978 Ah/kg) when aluminum is oxidized and reduced. This makes it an excellent candidate for high energy density electrodes.2 Al plating/stripping on/from electrodes at room temperature has been investigated AlCl 3 /l-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (EMIC) electrolytes.3-9 The electrochemical reaction on the Al (negative) electrode is written as:Aluminum dendrite formation has been observed, especially at high current density; 4,5 this phenomena can result in a short circuited cell.In an effort to limit dendrite formation, three-dimensional porous carbon materials are being studied for Al plating and stripping. Based on observations of Al plating on porous carbon materials, there are several potential advantages for plating/stripping Al on porous materials over the solid planar substrates: (1) A high surface-to-volume ratio of porous materials provides the possibility of high nominal current densities. (2) By plating/stripping Al inside porous materials, formation may be controlled inside the porous structure. (3) An electrode could be designed to enhance the plating/stripping performance even further and achieve even higher current densities. ExperimentalEMIC was synthesized by using the reported procedure.10,11 AlCl 3 (Fluka, >99%) was purified by sublimation in a heavy wall glass tube, as described previously.11 The chloroaluminate melt was prepared by slowly adding EMIC onto solid AlCl 3 crystals. The voltammetry cell and the 3 mm diameter disk Glass Carbon (GC) electrode were purchased from Bioanalytical Systems Inc. A carbon paper electrode was prepared by cutting 2050-A carbon paper (Fuel Cell Store) to a 5 mm × 10 mm size and adhering the prepared carbon paper to one end of a copper rod (McMaster-Carr) using a silver conductive epoxy (McMaster-Carr). The surface area of the carbon paper electrode was maintained at ca. 0.5 cm 2 (5 mm × 5 mm, double sides) by using epoxy to seal the remaining electrode surface. The geometric electrode area was measured and used to calculate the current density. The reference electrode was a 1 mm diameter Al wire (Alfa Aesar, 99.999%) immersed into t...

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Electrochemical Study of Cobalt in Urea and Choline Chloride

Shi

et al. 2016

Advances in Molten Slags, Fluxes, and Salts

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The effect of electrode surface modification and cathode overpotential on deposit characteristics in aluminum electrorefining using EMIC–AlCl3 ionic liquid electrolyte

Cited by 58 publications

References 15 publications

Electrochemical Kinetics of Reduction of Zinc Oxide to Zinc Using 2:1 Urea/ChCl Ionic Liquid

Electrochemical Kinetics of Reduction of Zinc Oxide to Zinc Using 2:1 Urea/ChCl Ionic Liquid

Electrochemistry and Morphology Studies of Aluminum Plating/Stripping in a Chloroaluminate Ionic Liquid on Porous Carbon Materials

Electrochemical Study of Cobalt in Urea and Choline Chloride

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