The effect of expectancy versus actual gluten intake on gastrointestinal and extra-intestinal symptoms in non-coeliac gluten sensitivity: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, international, multicentre study

de Graaf, Marlijne C G; Lawton, Clare L; Croden, Fiona; Smolinska, Agnieszka; Winkens, Bjorn; Hesselink, Martine A M; van Rooy, Gonny; Weegels, Peter L; Shewry, Peter R; Mooney, Peter D; Houghton, Lesley A; Witteman, Ben J M; Keszthelyi, Daniel; Brouns, Fred J P H; Dye, Louise; Jonkers, Daisy M A E

doi:10.1016/s2468-1253(23)00317-5

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2024

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Cited by 11 publications

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“…A reliance on self-reported gluten sensitivity to diagnose CD is often misleading due to substantial nocebo effect in people with non-coeliac gluten sensitivity. 16 If this cohort follow a GFD, they may experience a short-lived improvement in symptoms but it creates a challenge when trying to formally diagnose potential cases of CD. A GFD is not recommended for people without CD because it is restrictive, costly, and could lead to nutritional deficiencies.…”

Section: Impact On Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%