The effect of fiber characteristics on thermoregulatory responses and feeding behavior of heat stressed cows

Arieli, A.; Rubinstein, Abraham; Moallem, U.; Aharoni, Y.; Halachmi, I.

doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2004.08.050

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Diet also has an impact on the response of dairy cows to heat stress: overall its effects on saving metabolic heat production by supplementing saturated fatty acids [ 96 , 97 ], reducing neutral detergent fibre on a dry matter basis [ 98 – 100 ] and increasing the proportion of digestive fibre [ 101 ] have been studied. Indeed, replacing low quality NDF in diets by NDF of better quality (low lignin concentrations and high digestibility) modifies the effects of heat stress on performance, body temperature, rumination activity and feeding behaviour [ 100 , 102 , 103 ]. The above strategies must be applied with caution as they can increase the risk of rumen acidosis in reducing fibre.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of non-productivity-related animal-based indicators of heat stress resilience in dairy cattle

et al. 2018

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IntroductionProjected temperature rise in the upcoming years due to climate change has increased interest in studying the effects of heat stress in dairy cows. Environmental indices are commonly used for detecting heat stress, but have been used mainly in studies focused on the productivity-related effects of heat stress. The welfare approach involves identifying physiological and behavioural measurements so as to start heat stress mitigation protocols before the appearance of impending severe health or production issues. Therefore, there is growing interest in studying the effects of heat stress on welfare. This systematic review seeks to summarise the animal-based responses to heat stress (physiological and behavioural, excluding productivity) that have been used in scientific literature.MethodsUsing systematic review guidelines set by PRISMA, research articles were identified, screened and summarised based on inclusion criteria for physiology and behaviour, excluding productivity, for animal-based resilience indicators. 129 published articles were reviewed to determine which animal-based indicators for heat stress were most frequently used in dairy cows.ResultsThe articles considered report at least 212 different animal-based indicators that can be aggregated into body temperature, feeding, physiological response, resting, drinking, grazing and pasture-related behaviour, reactions to heat management and others. The most common physiological animal-based indicators are rectal temperature, respiration rate and dry matter intake, while the most common behavioural indicators are time spent lying, standing and feeding.ConclusionAlthough body temperature and respiration rate are the animal-based indicators most frequently used to assess heat stress in dairy cattle, when choosing an animal-based indicator for detecting heat stress using scientific literature to establish thresholds, characteristics that influence the scale of the response and the definition of heat stress must be taken into account, e.g. breed, lactation stage, milk yield, system type, climate region, bedding type, diet and cooling management strategies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of non-productivity-related animal-based indicators of heat stress resilience in dairy cattle

et al. 2018

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“…2002). Under the 0.4°C increase in rectal temperature, though provided with an extra cooling regime, feed intake of dairy cows was decreased (Arieli et al. 2004).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increase in evening rectal temperature, 0.4°C at upper critical temperature (25°C) and 0.9°C at 30°C compared to that at 20°C, indicates that cows at 25°C and 30°C during the daytime were exposed to mild and severe heat stress, respectively. It is generally regarded that body temperature 38.6°C as neutral and the 0.4°C increase in rectal temperature as mild heat stress for cows (Arieli et al 2004). The significant reduction in feed DM intake in this study is also in line with a moderate and severe heat stressed at 25°C and 30°C.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, elevated respiration rates and water intake, resulting from increased environmental temperatures, lead to concomitant reductions in feed DM intake (Sunagawa et al 2002). Under the 0.4°C increase in rectal temperature, though provided with an extra cooling regime, feed intake of dairy cows was decreased (Arieli et al 2004). Neutral detergent fiber and ADF intakes were also reduced (P < 0.01) up to 18% and 22%, respectively, with increasing chamber temperature.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Productivity and energy partition of late lactation dairy cows during heat exposure

Kim

et al. 2010

Animal Science Journal

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Three late-lactation Holstein cows were used to determine the effects of environmental temperature on performance and energy partitioning. Each cow was housed in a respiratory chamber for 30 consecutive days and exposed to three different conditions of environmental temperature: (i) 20 degrees C and 20 degrees C (20 degrees C), (ii) 25 degrees C and 20 degrees C (25 degrees C), (iii) 30 degrees C and 25 degrees C (30 degrees C) during the day and night, respectively. The temperature was switched in an interval of 10 days. Humidity in the chamber was maintained at 55-65% through the entire experimental period. The daily mean as well as morning and evening rectal temperatures of Holstein cows increased linearly (P < 0.05) as chamber temperature increased. There was a significant linear reduction in dry matter (DM) intake (P < 0.05) and an increase in DM digestibility (P < 0.05). The response in milk yield, however, was not affected by heat stress. There were no significant differences among treatments for intake energy, heat production, net energy for lactation and net energy for gain. This results of this study disagreed with the assumption that late lactation cows gave priority to increasing body tissue at the expense of milk production under thermal stress.

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“…Thus, under heat stress conditions, high fibre diets make cows more heat-stressed. It has also been suggested that feeding cows a diet containing high-quality NDF (low lignin concentration and high digestibility) instead of a diet with low-quality NDF can reduce the negative effects of heat stress on their productivity, body temperature, and feeding behaviour (Arieli et al, 2004 ; Soriani et al, 2013 ). Interventions that specifically reduce the lignin but not necessarily the NDF concentration in SDF cows’ diets should be targeted for future research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multivariate analysis identifying the main factors associated with cow productivity and welfare in tropical smallholder dairy farms in Vietnam

Bang

Chanh

Trạch

et al. 2022

Trop Anim Health Prod

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This study aimed to rank potential drivers of cow productivity and welfare in tropical smallholder dairy farms (SDFs) in Vietnam. Forty-one variables were collected from 32 SDFs located in four geographically diverse dairy regions, with eight SDFs per region. Twelve variables, including milk yield (MILK), percentages of milk fat (mFA), protein (mPR), dry matter (mDM), energy-corrected milk yield (ECM), heart girth (HG), body weight (BW), ECM per 100 kg BW (ECMbw), body condition score (BCS), panting score (PS), inseminations per conception (tAI), and milk electrical resistance (mRE) of cows, were fitted as outcome variables in the models. Twenty-one other variables describing farm altitude, housing condition, and diet for the cows, cow genotypes, and cow physiological stage were fitted as explanatory variables. Increased farm altitude was associated with increases in ECM and mRE and with decreases in PS and tAI (P < 0.05). Increases in roof heights and percentage of shed side open were associated with increases in ECM, mFA, and mDM (P < 0.05). Increased dry matter intake and dietary densities of dry matter and fat were associated with increased MILK, ECM, and ECMbw and decreased tAI (P < 0.05). Increased dietary lignin density was associated with increased PS. Increased genetic proportion of Brown Swiss in the herd was associated with increased MILK, ECM, and ECMbw (P < 0.05). Thus, to improve cow productivity and welfare in Vietnamese SDFs, the following interventions were identified for testing in future cause-effect experiments: increasing floor area per cow, roof heights, shed sides open, dry matter intake, dietary fat density, and the genetic proportion of Brown Swiss and decreasing dietary lignin density.

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The effect of fiber characteristics on thermoregulatory responses and feeding behavior of heat stressed cows

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

A systematic review of non-productivity-related animal-based indicators of heat stress resilience in dairy cattle

A systematic review of non-productivity-related animal-based indicators of heat stress resilience in dairy cattle

Productivity and energy partition of late lactation dairy cows during heat exposure

Multivariate analysis identifying the main factors associated with cow productivity and welfare in tropical smallholder dairy farms in Vietnam

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