The Effect of Frequent Spraying with Calcium Nitrate Solutions on the Mineral Composition and the Occurrence of Bitter Pit of the Apple Cox’s Orange Pippin

Goor, B. J. Van

doi:10.1080/00221589.1971.11514415

Cited by 47 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, inconsistent results have been often reported (van Goor, 1971;Lidster and Porritt, 1978;Hewett and Watkins, 1991;Neilsen et al, 2005;Lötze and Theron, 2006;Lötze et al, 2008;Val et al, 2008). Recently, Val et al (2008) showed that in-season CaCl 2 sprays led to increased Ca concentrations in the skin, while no significant changes were measured in the cortex of apples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Improving the performance of calcium-containing spray formulations to limit the incidence of bitter pit in apple (Malus x domestica Borkh.)

Blanco

Fernández

Val

2010

Scientia Horticulturae

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Laboratory and field experiments were carried out with apples (Malus x domestica Bork) cv. 'Golden Reinders', to assess the efficacy of sodium salt of carboxymethyl ether of cellulose (0.5%, CMC) as an adjuvant for Ca spray formulations containing either Cachloride or Ca-propionate as active ingredient (120 or 250 mM Ca). This additive significantly increased the retention of Ca-containing solutions by the apple skin and prolonged the process of drying of the solution at room temperature. Four days after immersion of apples in 0.5% CMC plus CaCl 2 or Ca-propionate solutions (120 and 250 mM Ca) significant Ca increases were recorded in the peel and cortex of treated fruits. Application to apple trees of in-season sprays containing 250 mM CaCl 2 plus 0.05% Tween 20, Ca-propionate (120 and 250 mM Ca) plus 0.5% CMC or 250 mM CaCl 2 plus 0.5% CMC had no impact on fruit yield and quality, but significantly limited the rate of bitter pit incidence during the following 3-month cold-storage period. Evidence is provided that addition of appropriate adjuvants to Ca sprays can favour the distribution of Ca into the apple fruit and help to reduce the incidence of Ca-related disorders over the postharvest cold-storage period.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Improving the performance of calcium-containing spray formulations to limit the incidence of bitter pit in apple (Malus x domestica Borkh.)

Blanco

Fernández

Val

2010

Scientia Horticulturae

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…When Ca uptake from the soil is not sufficient to promote a desirable level in the fruits, sprays of Ca compounds is a supplemental strategy to improve its concentration in the fruit (Johnson & Dover, 2002) and thus fruit quality and storability (Van Goor, 1971;Hewett & Watkins, 1991;Siddiqui & Bangerth, 1995). Sprays of Ca normally prevent most physiological disorders (Neilsen & Neilsen, 2002;Yuri et al, 2002;Lötze & Theron, 2006), but the degree of success varies according to natural predisposition to the symptoms, growing season, cultivar, and environmental conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preharvest calcium sprays were not always needed to improve quality of 'gala' apples in Brazil

Ernani

Dias²,

Amarante

et al. 2008

Rev. Bras. Frutic.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

-Calcium sprays have normally improved both the quality and the storage life of apples throughout the world because Ca helps to prevent many fruit disorders and that taken up from the soil does not often reach the fruit in adequate amounts. Since the efficacy of Ca sprays varies according to soil, apple cultivar, and weather conditions, this study was carried out from 1998 to 2004, in the Southern of Brazil, in order to assess the effect of Ca sprays on the quality and storability of 'Gala' fruits. The experiment was set up in an orchard planted in 1988, on a density of 1234 trees/ha. Treatments consisted of 0, 4, 8, and 12 annual sprays of 0.5% CaCl 2 regularly distributed 30 days after petal fall until one week before harvest. Fruits of the same size and maturity level were annually analyzed at harvest and after five months of conventional cold storage (-1 o C and 90-95% of RH). In five out of six seasons, fruits from all treatments were free of any physiological disorder, and Ca sprays had no effect on leaf composition and on any fruit attribute (soluble solids, titratable acidity, starch pattern index, flesh firmness, and concentrations of N, K, Ca and Mg). In the season of 2000/ 2001, however, when yield was 18 t ha -1 and fruits had an average weight of 175 g, the incidence of bitter pit plus lenticel blotch pit on stored fruits was 24% in the treatment with no calcium sprays and it decreased up to 2% in that with 12 sprays. Two seasons later, yield was also low (25 t ha -1 ) and fruits were large (168 g each), but they did not show any physiological disorder regardless of the number of Ca sprays. It seems that the incidence of Ca related disorders in 'Gala' apples grown on limed soils in Brazil with no excess of any nutrient only occurs on seasons with low crop yield, as a result of large fruits and a high leaf/fruit ratio, associated with some unknown environmental conditions. Index terms: Malus domestica, nutrition, bitter pit, lenticel blotch pit, calcium chloride. Frutos de mesmo tamanho e com mesmo nível de maturação foram analisados na colheita e após 5 meses de armazenamento em câmaras frigoríficas convencionais (-1 o C e 90-95% UR). Em cinco das seis safras, não houve incidência de distúrbios fisiológicos nos frutos em nenhum tratamento, e as pulverizações com Ca não afetaram a composição química das folhas e nenhum atributo dos frutos (sólidos solúveis, acidez titulável, índice de iodo-amido, firmeza e concentração de N, K, Ca e Mg). Na safra de 2000/2001, entretanto, quando a produtividade foi baixa (18 t ha -1 ) e os frutos apresentavam um peso médio de 175 g, a incidência de "bitter pit" e a depressão lenticelar atingiram 24% das maçãs que não foram pulverizadas com Ca, tendo diminuído para 2% nas que receberam 12 pulverizações. Dois anos mais tarde, a produtividade foi novamente baixa (25 t ha -1 ), e os frutos foram grandes (168 g), mas não houve incidência de nenhum distúrbio fisiológico, independentemente do número de pulverizações com Ca. Verifica-se, portanto, que o aparecimento...

show abstract

“…In this sense it is also important to determine how the elements are distributed in organs like fruits and tubers. A more homogeneous distribution can give a lower incidence of deficiency symptoms in these organs (Van Goor 1966). A general low nutrient status of a highly immobile element in the plant should be suspect.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redistribution of potassium, boron, iron, magnesium and calcium in apple trees determined by an indirect method

Goor¹,

Lune²

1980

Physiologia Plantarum

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The intensity of the process of redistribution of the elements potassium, boron, iron, magnesium and calcium was determined by following the rate of accumulation of these elements into the fruits of apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) trees. The determination is based on the assumption that the process of primary distribution via the xylem becomes relatively unimportant with respect to supply along the phloem during the period of fruit growth. Thus a decreasing rate of accumulation for a phloem‐immobile and xylem‐mobile element will be seen during this period of growth, while an element which is mobile in both pathways will give a linear rate of accumulation when the supply by the root does not alter too much. In addition, the ratios of the contents in fruits and leaves were used as an indicator of the relative mobility in redistribution. In these experiments with apple, potassium and boron showed a high mobility. Magnesium and especially calcium showed a much lower mobility in redistribution than in the primary rate of supply. Iron was intermediary. The results, especially for boron and magnesium, are in contradiction to some of the data in the literature. Further studies are needed before these contrasting results can be explained.

show abstract

The Effect of Frequent Spraying with Calcium Nitrate Solutions on the Mineral Composition and the Occurrence of Bitter Pit of the Apple Cox’s Orange Pippin

Cited by 47 publications

References 6 publications

Improving the performance of calcium-containing spray formulations to limit the incidence of bitter pit in apple (Malus x domestica Borkh.)

Improving the performance of calcium-containing spray formulations to limit the incidence of bitter pit in apple (Malus x domestica Borkh.)

Preharvest calcium sprays were not always needed to improve quality of 'gala' apples in Brazil

Redistribution of potassium, boron, iron, magnesium and calcium in apple trees determined by an indirect method

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About