The effect of glucose-coated gold nanoparticles on radiation bystander effect induced in MCF-7 and QUDB cell lines

Abstract

Due to biocompatibility and relative non-toxic nature, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have been studied widely to be employed in radiotherapy as radio-sensitizer. On the other hand, they may enhance radiation-induced bystander effect (RIBE), which causes radiation adverse effects in non-irradiated normal cells. The present study was planned to investigate the possibility of augmenting the RIBE consequence of applying glucose-coated gold nanoparticles (Glu-GNPs) to target cells. Glu-GNPs were synthesized and utilized to treat MCF7 and QUDB cells. The treated cells were irradiated with 100 kVp X-rays, and their culture media were transferred to non-irradiated bystander cells. Performing MTT cellular proliferation test and colony formation assay, percentage cell viability and survival fraction of bystander cells were determined, respectively, and were compared to control bystander cells which received culture medium from irradiated cells without Glu-GNPs. Glu-GNPs decreased the cell viability and survival fraction of QUDB bystander cells by as much as 13.2 and 11.5 %, respectively (P < 0.02). However, the same end points were not changed by Glu-GNPs in MCF-7 bystander cells. Different RIBE responses were observed in QUDB and MCF7 loaded with Glu-GNPs. Glu-GNPs increased the RIBE in QUDB cells, while they had no effects on RIBE in MCF7 cells. As opposed to QUDB cells, the RIBE in MCF7 cells did not change in the dose range of 0.5-10 Gy. Therefore, it might be a constant effect and the reason of not being increased by Glu-GNPs.

Surgical wound fluids from patients treated with intraoperative radiotherapy induce radiobiological response in breast cancer cells

“…We hypothesized that the IORT-induced change in biological activity of the surgical wound fluids might in part be caused by the molecules mediating radiation-induced bystander effect (RIBE), produced by the irradiated breast cancer cells present in the tumour bed. The radiation-induced bystander effect has been linked with the induction of various genotoxic effects in the non-irradiated cells [ 22 – 26 ], and the effects of RIBE are observed for doses up to 10 Gy, suggesting that this genotoxic effect might be relevant to doses used during IORT administration [ 27 ]. To investigate the difference induced by administration of intraoperative electron radiotherapy (IOERT) in wound fluids and its underlying mechanism, we collected the conditioned medium from the culture of breast cancer cell lines irradiated in vitro (CM), and surgical wound fluids from two groups of patients: patients who underwent quadrantectomy without additional IOERT (WF) and patients treated with 10 Gy boost IOERT (RT-WF).…”

Metal-based NanoEnhancers for Future Radiotherapy: Radiosensitizing and Synergistic Effects on Tumor Cells

“…At the tissue level, this is an indirect and superior therapeutic modality. Also, the bystander effect could affect the radiosensitizing and synergistic effects of metal-based NanoEnhancers through communication between cells via signaling molecules 233 , 303 . Of note is the fact that metal-based NanoEnhancers can react with thiols, for instance GSH, decreasing cellular defenses against oxidative stress and resulting in persistent damage 11 .…”

Sialic acid-binding lectin-modified fructose-coated nanoparticles: a promising targeted therapeutic synthetic for breast cancers

“…Of note, nanoparticles that are coated with hydrophilic shell manufactured by long polymer chains with high fructose density have great affinity to tumor cells [14]. Since biocompatibility, relative non-toxic property and the capability to cross the blood-brain barrier, GCNs are widely used as the radiosensitizer in radiotherapy and can carry therapeutic biomolecules into brain [44,45].…”