The Effect of Health Education on Control Glycemic at Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Abstract

AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of short-term education on glycemic control (glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c] and fasting blood sugar [FBS]) among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients attending to primary health care (PHC) in Medan Johor of North Sumatera, Indonesia.
 METHODS: The study was performed on type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Johor PHC, Medan of North Sumatera, on 40 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. We took the samples of all the patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus who attend PHC in Medan Johor. The patients received for 3 months intervention by education. An educational course of diabetes together with exercise training and nutritional education was designed for the study population in order to increase the patients’ knowledge and attitude toward diabetes and to increase their participation in the self-monitoring of glycemic control. Samples of FBS and HbA1c were recorded for each patient at the time of the baseline survey, then health education was conducted to the diabetic patients of both sexes attending PHC. The patients received standard advice on diet management and variation about activity. We put HbA1c <6.5% as cut limit for the control of diabetes mellitus.
 RESULTS: All 40 type 2 diabetes patients completed the educational course. The mean of age of the samples is 62.53 years old, the mean of body mass index was 24.81 kg/m, and the mean of waist size was 92.15 cm. Before the education, the mean of FBS level was 238.83 mg/dl and the mean of Hba1c value is 8.90%. After education, the FBS was 216.88 mg/dl, the mean of HbA1c value was 8.74%.
 CONCLUSION: The effect of health education in Johor Public Health Care Medan city reduced glycemic control (FBS) in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, North Sumatera, Indonesia.

Nutritional Assessment among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patient in Southeast Asian Countries: A Scoping Review

“…This might be because the patients are already receiving a variety of teaching techniques, such as coaching, follow-ups, and motivational interviews, as needed to guarantee adherence and the intended results (Thewjitcharoen et al 2018b). According to a study from Indonesia, obtaining effective glycemic control requires diabetes education, as HbA1c<6.5% was found to be an indicator for the control of T2DM in this study (Rusdiana et al 2020). Since they only knew FBG as a control glycemic for DM, many people were unaware of the control glycemic of the HbA1c result.…”

“…The main objective of DM is blood glucose stabilization because DM has a significant negative impact on health due to its high morbidity and death rates. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommends glycemic control as one of the most important strategies for the management of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) since HbA1c is the best indication of glycemic level during the past three months (Rusdiana et al 2020).…”

Impact of Lifestyle Modification on Glycemic Control and Cognitive Function Among Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients

“…The majority of T2DM (84.7%) did not achieve the target glycemic control [ 11 ], which may be related to many factors in particularly poor lifestyle behavior and sedentary lifestyle as they are also risk factors for insulin resistance [ 24 , 25 ]. Most of diabetes guidelines recommended patient education and exercise as essential elements in management of diabetes and prevention of its complications [ 9 , 10 ]. By the end of the 6 months follow-up, the current study found that the majority of males and females in the intervention group had modified their dietary habits and practiced physical exercise during the implementation of the lifestyle modification program.…”

“…There were many methods used for DM education and lifestyle modifications such as individual face to face education and small group education [ 9 ]. Moreover, health information technology (via mobile, e-mail, and web sites) showed evidence in enhancing chronic disease management [ 10 ].…”

Artocarpus altilis Extract Capsules Reduce Fasting Blood Glucose in Prediabetes

“…Herbal medicines such as plant extract might be cheaper and easier to obtain and have minor side effects [6]. The advantage of treatment by using traditional herbs is that it rarely causes severe side effects compared to synthetic treatment [7].…”