The Effect of High Ambient Temperature on Emergency Room Visits

Basu, Rupa; Pearson, Dharshani; Malig, Brian; Broadwin, Rachel; Green, Rochelle

doi:10.1097/ede.0b013e31826b7f97

Cited by 202 publications

(178 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Each 10 8 F increase in outdoor heat was found to increase respiratory hospitalization rates 12.3% in Mediterranean cities (14), 16.1% in New York, NY (12), and 19.3% in a metaanalysis of worldwide heat-morbidity studies (6). This difference cannot be explained by differences in exposure metrics, because our estimates changed little with alternate exposure metrics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 41%

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Heat-related Emergency Hospitalizations for Respiratory Diseases in the Medicare Population

Anderson¹,

Dominici

Wang

et al. 2013

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

215

168

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Rationale: The heat-related risk of hospitalization for respiratory diseases among the elderly has not been quantified in the United States on a national scale. With climate change predictions of more frequent and more intense heat waves, it is of paramount importance to quantify the health risks related to heat, especially for the most vulnerable. Objectives: To estimate the risk of hospitalization for respiratory diseases associated with outdoor heat in the U.S. elderly. Methods: An observational study of approximately 12.5 million Medicare beneficiaries in 213 United States counties, January 1, 1999 to December 31, 2008. We estimate a national average relative risk of hospitalization for each 10 8 F (5.6 8 C) increase in daily outdoor temperature using Bayesian hierarchical models. Measurements and Main Results: We obtained daily county-level rates of Medicare emergency respiratory hospitalizations (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision,(464)(465)(466)(480)(481)(482)(483)(484)(485)(486)(487)(490)(491)(492) in 213 U.S. counties from 1999 through 2008. Overall, each 10 8 F increase in daily temperature was associated with a 4.3% increase in same-day emergency hospitalizations for respiratory diseases (95% posterior interval, 3.8, 4.8%). Counties' relative risks were significantly higher in counties with cooler average summer temperatures. Conclusions: We found strong evidence of an association between outdoor heat and respiratory hospitalizations in the largest population of elderly studied to date. Given projections of increasing temperatures from climate change and the increasing global prevalence of chronic pulmonary disease, the relationship between heat and respiratory morbidity is a growing concern.Keywords: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; hospitalization; hot temperature; respiratory tract infections; weatherOutdoor heat can cause spikes in respiratory deaths (1, 2), but considerably less is known about heat's impacts on respiratory morbidity. Given that: (1) climate change will increase exposure to extreme heat (3), (2) the prevalence of chronic respiratory diseases is increasing (4), and (3) the elderly will likely be most affected by heat-related problems (5), there is a pressing need to improve our understanding of respiratory heat effects among the elderly for both fatal and nonfatal outcomes.There are two major limitations to current research on the relationship between heat and respiratory hospitalizations. First, this relationship has not been adequately studied worldwide to confidently identify a consistent link between respiratory hospitalizations and heat. The few studies that have investigated heat and respiratory hospitalizations have found somewhat conflicting results (6). For example, studies of Brisbane, Australia (7,8) and Athens, Greece (9) found hospitalization rates decreased slightly during hot weather, whereas studies of California (10, 11), New York (12, 13), and 12 European cities (14) found respiratory hospitalizations increased with heat. Although a me...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 41%

“…U.S. studies of heat and respiratory morbidity have been limited to single cities (12, 15) or single states (California [10,11,16], New York [13]) or were retrospective studies of single heat waves (17-19). Worldwide, large heterogeneity exists between temperature-morbidity studies from different locations (6, 20).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat-related Emergency Hospitalizations for Respiratory Diseases in the Medicare Population

Anderson¹,

Dominici

Wang

et al. 2013

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

215

168

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“…Similar findings on low temperature and higher stroke occurrence were also reported in South Korea, 23 northern Portugal, 24 and Hong Kong. 8 On the other hand, hot temperature was linked to higher stroke risk in studies in Scotland, 25 Mantua (Italy), 9 New York City, 26 California, 27 Brisbane (Australia), 28 and 4 cities in Korea. 29 In the present study, we found that the associations between temperature and stroke mortality were often nonlinear-both low and high temperatures were linked to more stroke deaths.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Both low and high temperature may increase the risk of stroke mortality

Chen¹,

et al. 2013

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Objective: To examine temperature in relation to stroke mortality in a multicity time series study in China.Methods: We obtained data on daily temperature and mortality from 8 large cities in China. We used quasi-Poisson generalized additive models and distributed lag nonlinear models to estimate the accumulative effects of temperature on stroke mortality across multiple days, adjusting for long-term and seasonal trends, day of the week, air pollution, and relative humidity. We applied the Bayesian hierarchical model to pool city-specific effect estimates.Results: Both cold and hot temperatures were associated with increased risk of stroke mortality.The potential effect of cold temperature might last more than 2 weeks. The pooled relative risks of extreme cold (first percentile of temperature) and cold (10th percentile of temperature) temperatures over lags 0-14 days were 1.39 (95% posterior intervals [PI] 1.18-1.64) and 1.11 (95% PI 1.06-1.17), compared with the 25th percentile of temperature. In contrast, the effect of hot temperature was more immediate. The relative risks of stroke mortality over lags 0-3 days were 1.06 (95% PI 1.02-1.10) for extreme hot temperature (99th percentile of temperature) and 1.14 (95% PI 1.05-1.24) for hot temperature (90th percentile of temperature), compared with the 75th percentile of temperature.Conclusions: This study showed that both cold and hot temperatures were associated with increased risk of stroke mortality in China. Our findings may have important implications for stroke prevention in China. Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide.1 In contrast to developed countries, where stroke incidence declined by 42% over the last 4 decades, stroke incidence in developing countries doubled, surpassing that from developed countries.2 China is the largest developing country in the world and stroke burden is disproportionately high. In China, stroke mortality accounts for 19% of the total mortality, more than twice the mortality from ischemic heart disease (8%).3 Moreover, stroke patients in China have higher fatality than patients from developed countries. 4 Stroke has substantial medical, public health, and economic impacts in China.To reduce the burden of stroke, it is crucial to identify modifiable risk factors. It is wellknown that some traditional cerebrovascular risk factors, including hypertension, high cholesterol levels, obesity, smoking, and alcohol consumption, increased the risk for stroke. 5 However, the potential relationships of environmental risk factors and stroke have not been adequately studied in China.

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“…Во время волн жа-ры, по данным различных исследователей, в Европе, Азии, США, Австралии отмечено увеличение количества вызовов скорой ме-дицинской помощи (СМП) [38][39][40], экстренных госпитализа-ций в отделения неотложной помощи [41][42][43], общего числа го-спитализаций [44][45][46][47], амбулаторных обращений к врачу [48,49]. В ряде исследований ССЗ входят в число основных причин ухуд-шения состояния.…”

Section: терапевтический архив 9 2015unclassified

“…), повышение среднесуточной температуры воздуха на 10 °F (12,2 °С) ассоциировалось с ростом числа экстренных госпита-лизаций в тот же день по поводу ИБС на 1,7%, ишемического ин-сульта на 2,8%, нарушений ритма сердцана 2,8%, гипотонии на 12,7%, сахарного диабета на 4,3%, кишечных инфекций на 6,1%, дегидратации на 25,6%, острой почечной недостаточности на 15,9%; число госпитализаций в связи с перегреванием организма увеличилось почти в 4 раза. Число гипертонических кризов и ге-моррагических инсультов во время волн жары в Калифорнии уменьшилось [43].…”

Section: терапевтический архив 9 2015unclassified

Heat and cardiovascular diseases: A review of epidemiological surveys

Kozlovskaya¹,

Булкина²,

Vv³

et al. 2015

Ter. arkh.

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Давно отмечено, что погодно-климатические факторы спо-собны влиять на здоровье человека. В ряде международных ис-следований выявлена сезонная цикличность заболеваемости и смертности от сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (ССЗ) с пиком в холодное время года и минимумом в летний период [1][2][3]. Тем-пература воздуха и ее изменение являются наиболее значимым для сердечно-сосудистой системы погодным фактором. Графи-ческое изображение связи сердечно-сосудистой смертности со значениями температуры воздуха называется температурной кривой. В большинстве исследований температурные кривые смертности имеют V-или U-образную форму (см. рисунок), т.е. существует оптимальный диапазон температур, соответствую- The review summarizes epidemiologic data on the effects of heat on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Patients with heart failure and cardiac arrhythmias are most susceptible to negative heat exposure. At the same time, measures aimed at preserving the health of the population lead to a considerable reduction in losses associated with an abnormal rise in air temperature.

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The Effect of High Ambient Temperature on Emergency Room Visits

Abstract: Increased temperatures were found to have same-day effects on ER admission for several outcomes. Age and race/ethnicity seemed to modify some of these impacts.

Cited by 202 publications

References 34 publications

Heat-related Emergency Hospitalizations for Respiratory Diseases in the Medicare Population

Heat-related Emergency Hospitalizations for Respiratory Diseases in the Medicare Population

Both low and high temperature may increase the risk of stroke mortality

Heat and cardiovascular diseases: A review of epidemiological surveys

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