The effect of high-fat diet on the composition of the gut microbiota in cloned and non-cloned pigs of lean and obese phenotype

Pedersen, Rebecca; Andersen, Anette; Hermann-Bank, Marie Louise; Stagsted, Jan; Boye, Mette

doi:10.4161/gmic.26108

Cited by 25 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, an effect of birthweight was not observed at the community level, or at any taxonomic level. In agreement with the previous reports on microbiota of pigs, Firmicutes increased in abundance in response to high-fat diet, indicating that postnatal diet rather than birth weight predominantly shaped the gut microbiota composition (63)(64)(65). Our findings are in accordance with a recent study in LBW and NBW guinea pigs (66), which showed significant effect of Western diet on the gut microbiota but no effect on birth weight.…”

Section: Birth Weight and Diet Impacting Gut Microbiotasupporting

confidence: 93%

Low birth weight causes insulin resistance and aberrant intestinal lipid metabolism independent of microbiota abundance in Landrace–Large White pigs

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Low birth weight (LBW) and postnatal nutrition are risk factors for adult metabolic diseases. However, the interactions between LBW, diet, and intestinal lipid absorption and secretion leading to adult metabolic disease remain unclear. The current study determined the impact of LBW on intestinal lipid and carbohydrate metabolism under both control and Western diet (high fat, high fructose, and cholesterol) conditions in 5‐wk‐old LBW and normal birth weight (NBW) Landrace–Large White × Duroc pigs. A 2‐step modified oral glucose and fat challenge test was performed. Mesenteric lymph, jejunal mucosal scrapings, and cecal digesta samples were also collected. LBW offspring were lower in weight and gained less weight per day. LBW pigs on either control or Western diets displayed increased triglyceride (TG) secretion into lymph (P = 0.0135). Western diet‐fed LBW pigs developed fasting (P = 0.03) and postprandial (P < 0.05) hypertriglyceridemia, muscle steatosis (P = 0.0072), had higher insulin excursion (P < 0.01), increased jejunal stearoyl‐CoA desaturase 1 mRNA and increased hepatic fibrosis (P = 0.0017) compared with NBW piglets. Gut microbiota showed significant dysbiosis on Western diet independent of birth weight. In conclusion, LBW pigs fed a Western diet specifically up‐regulate TG absorption and secretion, develop dyslipidemia, muscular steatosis, and display early signs of insulin resistance. Interestingly, this study does not provide evidence of altered intestinal microbiome in LBW pigs contributing to increased severity of metabolic diseases.—Fontaine, M. A., Diane, A., Singh, V. P., Mangat, R., Krysa, J. A., Nelson, R., Willing, B. P., Proctor, S. D. Low birth weight causes insulin resistance and aberrant intestinal lipid metabolism independent of microbiota abundance in Landrace‐Large White pigs. FASEB J. 33, 9250–9262 (2019). http://www.fasebj.org

show abstract

Section: Birth Weight and Diet Impacting Gut Microbiotasupporting

confidence: 93%

Low birth weight causes insulin resistance and aberrant intestinal lipid metabolism independent of microbiota abundance in Landrace–Large White pigs

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Based on previous literature (39)(40)(41), it is conceivable that the HFD also had an impact on the gut environment through changes in the microbiota. The very small sample sizes in our study prevented enough statistical power to draw meaningful conclusions able and documented by a plethora of tissue lesions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-fat diet exacerbates SIV pathogenesis and accelerates disease progression

He¹,

Xu²,

Krampe³

et al. 2019

Journal of Clinical Investigation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…In previous studies, feeding a HFD (~20%, w / w ) to pigs for 7 or 11 weeks was insufficient to observe changes in weight, but these studies neglected to characterize glucose tolerance, which is often impaired with obesity. Whereas, the present study found 5‐week HFD feeding was adequate to induce obesity, including impaired glucose tolerance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing a model for childhood obesity in adolescent pigs

Fouhse

Yang

et al. 2018

Obesity Science & Practice

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryObjectiveRising worldwide prevalence of obesity and metabolic diseases in children has accentuated the importance of developing prevention and management strategies. The objective of this study was to establish a model for childhood obesity using high‐fat feeding of adolescent pigs, as pigs have a longer developmental period and are physiologically more similar to humans than rodents.MethodsCrossbred pigs were fed a high‐fat diet (HFD) or low‐fat diet (n = 6/treatment) from postnatal day 49 to 84. On postnatal day 84, an oral glucose tolerance test was performed, jugular blood sampled to determine lipopolysaccharide levels and plasma lipids, intestinal digesta collected to characterize microbial and metabolite composition and back fat and intestinal tissue assayed for gene expression.ResultsFive‐week HFD increased weight gain and back fat thickness, caused dyslipidaemia and impaired glucose tolerance and increased expression of genes in back fat suggesting inflammation. HFD pigs had distinct proximal colon microbiota with 48% reduction (P < 0.05) in Bacteroidetes and increased expression of pro‐inflammatory genes interleukin‐18 and tumour necrosis factor in ileum (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThese findings indicate that adolescent pigs should be considered a suitable model for childhood obesity, because short‐term HFD feeding is sufficient to induce obesity and glucose intolerance, recapitulating disease characteristics in adolescent pigs.

show abstract

The effect of high-fat diet on the composition of the gut microbiota in cloned and non-cloned pigs of lean and obese phenotype

Cited by 25 publications

References 35 publications

Low birth weight causes insulin resistance and aberrant intestinal lipid metabolism independent of microbiota abundance in Landrace–Large White pigs

Low birth weight causes insulin resistance and aberrant intestinal lipid metabolism independent of microbiota abundance in Landrace–Large White pigs

High-fat diet exacerbates SIV pathogenesis and accelerates disease progression

Establishing a model for childhood obesity in adolescent pigs

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About