The Effect of High Molecular Weight Bio-based Diamine Derivative of Dimerized Fatty Acids Obtained from Vegetable Oils on the Structure, Morphology and Selected Properties of Poly(ether-urethane-urea)s

Effect of molar ratio [NCO]/[OH] groups during prepolymer chains extending step on the morphology and selected mechanical properties of final bio‐based thermoplastic poly(ether‐urethane) materials

“…Above T gSS , the storage modulus of the prepared materials decreased steadily to the melting temperature of SSs [30], which could be observed at 1, 3, and 78C for BDO 0.9, BDO 0.95, and BDO 1.0, respectively. For PDO 0.9, PDO 0.95, and PDO 1.0, the observed temperatures were 22, 0, and 18C respectively.…”

“…The obtained materials with [NCO]/[OH] molar ratios of 0.9 and 0.95 showed three thermal transitions, that is, the glass transition temperature of SSs (T gSS ), the melting temperature of SSs (T mSS ), and the glass temperature of HSs (T gHS ) [20,28,29]. However, TPUs with [NCO]/[OH] molar ratio of 1.0 displayed two thermal transitions, namely, the glass transition temperature of SSs (T gSS ), and the melting temperature of SSs (T mSS ) [30]. The glass transition temperature was determined as the temperature at which damping factor (tan delta) reaches a maximum value.…”

Properties of Coated Controlled Release Diammonium Phosphate Fertilizers Prepared with the Use of Bio‐based Amino Oil

“…These factors not only lead to financial losses but also induce risks for the environment and waste of energy related to their productions. (Entry and Sojka, 2008) Slow controlled-release fertilizer (SRF) is put forward as a new technology to solve the problem of low fertilizer use efficiency and to satisfy the increasing demand (Azeem et al, 2014;Majeed et al, 2015;Trenkel , 1997). The Association of American Plant Food Control Officials (AAPFCO) has defined the SRF as a fertilizer containing a plant nutrient in a form which delays its availability for plant uptake and use after application or which extends its availability to the plant significantly longer than a reference 'rapidly available nutrient fertilizer' such as urea, diammonium phosphate… (Fu et al, 2018) Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient for life, and its management is a problem that affects global food security (Makowski et al, 2014).…”

“…The Association of American Plant Food Control Officials (AAPFCO) has defined the SRF as a fertilizer containing a plant nutrient in a form which delays its availability for plant uptake and use after application or which extends its availability to the plant significantly longer than a reference 'rapidly available nutrient fertilizer' such as urea, diammonium phosphate… (Fu et al, 2018) Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient for life, and its management is a problem that affects global food security (Makowski et al, 2014). However, the acidity and high percentages of iron-and aluminum-based compounds in the soils reduce the efficiency of phosphate fertilizers as a result of strong phosphorus (P) fixation, which decreases the availability of this nutrient to plants (Trenkel, 1997). The demand for P fertilizers is increasing, while access to its sources is becoming uncertain due to limited resources and geopolitical concerns.…”

“…Some of the most commonly synthetic polymers used in the literature are polyethylene, (Salman et al, 1989) polyurethane, (Ma et al, 2013) polysulfone, (Tomaszewska and Jarosiewicz 2006), etc. Nutricote ®, Osmocote ® and Polyon ® are important manufactured synthetic polymer coatings (Trenkel, 1997). However, these polymers have shown many drawbacks, such as their high prices and their negative impact on the environment.…”