The effect of implant angulation and splinting on stress distribution in implant body and supporting bone: A finite element analysis

Abstract

Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of implant crown splinting and the use of angulated abutment on stress distribution in implant body and surrounding bone by three-dimensional finite element analysis.Materials and Methods:For this study, three models with two implants at the site of mandibular right second premolar and first molar were designed (1): Both implants, parallel to adjacent teeth, with straight abutments (2): Anterior implant with 15 mesial angulations and posterior implant were placed parallel to adjacent tooth, (3): Both implants with 15 mesial angulations and parallel to each other with 15° angulated abutments. Restorations were modeled in two shapes (splinted and nonsplinted). Loading in tripod manner as each point 50 N and totally 300 N was applied. Stress distribution in relation to splinting or nonsplinting restorations and angulations was done with ABAQUS6.13.Results:Splinting the restorations in all situations, led to lower stresses in all implant bodies, cortical bone and spongy bone except for the spongy bone around angulated first molar. Angulated implant in nonsplinted restoration cause lower stresses in implant body and bone but in splinted models more stresses were seen in implant body in comparison with straight abutment (model 2). Stresses in nonsplinted and splinted restorations in cortical bone of angulated molar region were more than what was observed in straight molar implant (model 3).Conclusion:Implant restorations splinting lead to a better distribution of stresses in implant bodies and bone in comparison with nonsplinted restorations, especially when the load is applied off center to implant body. Angulations of implant can reduce stresses when the application of the load is in the same direction as the implant angulation.

Numerical Study of the Effect of Dental Implant Inclination

“…Load transfer of inclined implant is frequently investigated in splinted configuration or implant supported fixtures (Behnaz et al 2015, Gul and Suca 2014, Markarian and Ueda 2007, Cağlar et al 2006, Almeida et al 2013, Hong et al 2012, Lan et al 2010, Takahashi, Shimamura and Sakurai 2010, Ueda et al 2004, Naini et al 2011. The attempt of this numerical study is to examine the effect of inclination of the implant embedded in the acrylate block, in the straightforward arrangement.…”

“…The impact of implant inclination on the surrounding structure has been frequently researched in the overdenture settings (Behnaz et al 2015, Gul and Suca 2014, Markarian and Ueda 2007, Cağlar et al 2006, Almeida et al 2013, Hong et al 2012, Lan et al 2010, Sljivic et al 2016, Takahashi, Shimamura and Sakurai 2010, Ueda et al 2004, Naini et al 2011, rather than in an isolated environment, as explained in Watanabe et al (2003). The intention in this study was to focus on the simpler loading conditions and to eliminate other systematical factors which arise due to the system complexity.…”

“…In order to minimize the value of bending moments and achieve optimal distribution, implants should be placed in vertical position, parallel with axial forces and occlusal plane (Mitrovic et al 2016, Brown and Payne 2011, Behnaz et al 2015, Gul and Suca 2014, Markarian and Ueda 2007). This is not always possible due to alveolar deficiency (Tian et al 2012) or anatomical limitations (Markarian & Ueda 2007, Watanabe et al 2003.…”

Changes in the surface of bone and acid-etched and sandblasted implants following implantation and removal

“…While the stress distribution in the trabecular bone occurs in a broader area during the screwing process, the stress in the cortical bone is limited to the close surrounding of the implant. [ 14 ] However, the occurrence of microfractures did not necessarily imply compression of the bone, with bone particles being observed to collect in the grooves of the implant.…”

Treatment of the Complete Edentulous Atrophic Maxilla: The Tall Tilted Pin Hole Placement Immediate Loading (TTPHIL)-ALL TILT™ Implant Option

“…2D). Torque ratchet is used for the final placement and the resistance of the implant is 41 Single-drill under preparation 42,43 Self-drilling active threaded implant for bicortical basal bone engagement 44 Tall implants to engage cortical plates (16-57 mm) [45][46][47] Tilted implants (15-65°) to have more bone implant contact 48,49 Rigid splinting with screw-retained solution for retrievability 50 Platform switching abutment with no micromovement at implant abutment junction 51 Flapless subcrestal placement (pin hole procedure) 52 Immediate prosthesis within 3 days to a week time The primary stability of the implant is, thus, checked with the torque test to determine the loading protocol ( Fig. 2E).…”